{"id":1268,"date":"2012-07-03T12:56:36","date_gmt":"2012-07-03T10:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2012\/07\/03\/einsteinov-vztah-k-naboenstvu-6\/"},"modified":"2012-07-03T12:56:36","modified_gmt":"2012-07-03T10:56:36","slug":"einsteinov-vztah-k-naboenstvu-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2012\/07\/03\/einsteinov-vztah-k-naboenstvu-6\/","title":{"rendered":"Einsteinov vztah k n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvu (6)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<strong><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-226\" style=\"float: left;\" alt=\"einstein\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/07\/einstein.jpg\" height=\"160\" width=\"120\" \/>IV. A. Einstein bol v\u00fdraznou vedeckou tvorivou osobnos\u0165ou. Jeho pr\u00e1ce znamenaj\u00fa z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd teoretick\u00fd pr\u00ednos pre rozvoj fyzik\u00e1lneho myslenia. Netradi\u010dn\u00fdm sposobom zasiahol do rie\u0161enia konkr\u00e9tn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov teoretickej fyziky. Svojou te\u00f3riou relativity za\u010dal nov\u00fa \u00e9ru teoretick\u00e9ho myslenia vo fyzike, otv\u00e1raj\u00faceho cestu k ovl\u00e1dnutiu at\u00f3movej energie. V oblasti duchovnej t\u00e1to modern\u00e1 fyzika tvor\u00ed \u0161irok\u00fd z\u00e1klad teoretick\u00fdch poznatkov, ktor\u00fd pozitivn\u011b posob\u00ed pri upev\u0148ovan\u00ed vedeck\u00e9ho sv\u011bton\u00e1zoru.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <!--more--> <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ducha netradi\u010dnosti nach\u00e1dzame aj v jeho n\u00e1zoroch na ot\u00e1zky mimo sf\u00e9ry fyziky. Existuje v\u0161ak ur\u010dit\u00fd nepomer v systemati\u010dnosti n\u00e1zorov oboch oblast\u00ed. Na jednej stran\u011b vn\u00fatorne koherentn\u011b syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dnutie \u0161peci\u00e1lnych probl\u00e9mov teoretickej fyziky a na druhej stran\u011b do ur\u010ditej miery \u00fatr\u017ekovit\u00fd komplex n\u00e1zorov na rozli\u010dn\u00e9 in\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z Einsteinovej profesion\u00e1lnej orient\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Do tejto druhej oblasti Einsteinov\u00fdch n\u00e1zorov patria aj jeho v\u00fdpovede o povahe n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva. So zrete\u013eom na neortodoxnos\u0165, tvoriv\u00fd charakter Einsteinov\u00fdch n\u00e1zorov n\u00e1s udivuje, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edval slovo \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo&#8220;, \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd&#8220; a podobn\u00e9 na ozna\u010denie toho, \u010do samo n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd charakter nem\u00e1. Vid\u00edme v tom svojr\u00e1zny paradox: Nov\u00fd pr\u00edstup k teoretick\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom fyziky, nov\u00e9 term\u00edny, formul\u00e1cie, rie\u0161enia a na druhej stran\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvanie term\u00ednov (zn\u00e1m\u00fdch vlastn\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u010dlov\u011bku) vo v\u00fdznamnej sv\u011bton\u00e1zorovej s\u00favislosti. Pou\u017e\u00edval ich, aj ke\u010f ho na uveden\u00e9 s\u00favislosti priamo \u010di nepriamo upozor\u0148ovali.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na v\u00fd\u010ditku M. Solovina, \u017ee v uvedenom zmysle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spom\u00ednan\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy, Einstein odpovedal v liste z 1. janu\u00e1ra 1951 takto: \u201e\u00daplne ch\u00e1pem Va\u0161u \u00faporn\u00fa snahu nepou\u017e\u00edvat slovo \u00bbn\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo\u00ab v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f ide o ur\u010dit\u00fd emocion\u00e1lno-psychologick\u00fd stav, ktor\u00fd sa najv\u00fdraznej\u0161ie prejavil u Spinozu. A predsa nemo\u017eem n\u00e1js\u0165 lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdraz ako \u00bbn\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo\u00ab na ozna\u010denie viery v racion\u00e1lnu povahu skuto\u010dnosti alebo aspo\u0148 tej jej \u010dasti, ktor\u00e1 je dostupn\u00e1 ludsk\u00e9mu vedomiu. Tam, kde neexistuje tento cit, veda sa men\u00ed na neplodn\u00fa emp\u00edriu. \u010certa ma znepokojuje, \u017ee k\u0148azi z\u00edskavaj\u00fa kapit\u00e1l zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm tohto citu. Ve\u010f to nie je tak\u00e9 velk\u00e9 ne\u0161tastie.&#8220; (44)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Z uveden\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee A. Einstein sice pou\u017e\u00edval term\u00edn \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo&#8220;, \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd cit&#8220;, ale pou\u017e\u00edval ho na ozna\u010denie psychologick\u00e9ho postoja ku skuto\u010dnosti ako celku, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 racion\u00e1ln\u011b momenty usporiadania. Teda nie na ozna\u010denie viery v nejak\u00fa nadprirodzen\u00fa bo\u017esk\u00fa bytost. Naopak, ide o presved\u010denie, \u017ee objektivny svet je vo svojej materi\u00e1lnej povahe z\u00e1konit\u00fd celok so vz\u00e1jomne s\u00favisiacimi a podmie\u0148uj\u00facimi sa javmi, tvoriaci \u201eracion\u00e1lnu&#8220; harmoniu. \u017dial, A. Einstein si vybral a pou\u017e\u00edval v oblasti mimo fyziky obrazn\u00e9 term\u00edny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa historicky a sv\u011bton\u00e1zorov\u011b negat\u00edvne za\u0165a\u017een\u00e9. Nemo\u017eno s n\u00edm, prirodzene, s\u00fahlasit ani v tom, \u017ee by pou\u017e\u00edvanie t\u00fdchto v\u00fdrazov v uvedenej situ\u00e1cii neprin\u00e1\u0161alo nijak\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ekosti. Prin\u00e1\u0161a ich. Uvedieme aspo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Po prv\u00e9,<\/em> vo sv\u011bton\u00e1zorov\u00fdch s\u00favislostiaeh mo\u017ee znamena\u0165, \u017ee nastane uvedomele realizovan\u00fd skrat \u2014 slovu \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd&#8220; v Einsteinovom ch\u00e1pan\u00ed sa podsunie ortodoxn\u00fd v\u00fdznam tohto term\u00ednu. Z toho potom vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa \u010falekosiahle sv\u011bton\u00e1zorov\u00e9 dosledky. Einstein v takejto situ\u00e1cii potom vystupuje ako veriaci vedec, ktor\u00fd vo svojej \u010dinnosti dosiahol neoby\u010dajne v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy, predstavuj\u00face z\u00e1sadn\u00fd pohyb v rozvoji fyziky. Pritom uveden\u00fd \u201eskrat&#8220; sa mo\u017ee realizovat aj neuvedomele. Dosledkom toho s\u00fa potom skomolen\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na Einsteinov sv\u011bton\u00e1zor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Po druh\u00e9,<\/em> v historick\u00fdch s\u00favislostiach n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo, ako aj jemu zodpovedaj\u00face in\u0161tit\u00facie vystupovali reak\u010dne. Predstavovali diametr\u00e1lnu opoz\u00edciu vo\u010di spolo\u010densk\u00e9mu pokroku. Stopy ich \u010dinnosti s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9, ne\u017e aby sa chtiac \u010di nechtiac z\u013eah\u010dovali. N\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo tak v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti, ako aj v minulosti, posob\u00ed nesporne ako \u010dinite\u013e duchovn\u00e9ho \u00fatlaku \u010dlov\u011bka. Je proti v\u0161estrann\u00e9mu rozvoju osobnosti \u010dlov\u011bka, lebo \u010dlov\u011bk je orientovan\u00fd \u201epozemsky&#8220;, na harmonick\u00fd du\u0161evn\u00fd a telesn\u00fd rozvoj. Aj napriek rozli\u010dn\u00fdm \u201emodernistick\u00fdm&#8220; snah\u00e1m n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ideol\u00f3gov prisp\u016fsobi\u0165 sa zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9mu prij\u00edmaniu sveta, tieto snahy neprekra\u010duj\u00fa z\u00e1kladn\u00fa zacielenos\u0165 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho akceptovania sv\u011bta. Pretrv\u00e1v\u00e1 a prehlbuje sa protiklad medzi n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm akceptov\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u011bta a pokrokov\u00fdm komunistick\u00fdm prij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u011bta. Preto nie je \u013eahostajn\u00e1 a nem\u00e1 by\u0165 nijak\u00fdm sposobom z\u013eah\u010dovan\u00e1 neblah\u00e1 \u00faloha n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch ani v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;IV. A. Einstein bol v\u00fdraznou vedeckou tvorivou osobnos\u0165ou. Jeho pr\u00e1ce znamenaj\u00fa z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd teoretick\u00fd pr\u00ednos pre rozvoj fyzik\u00e1lneho myslenia. Netradi\u010dn\u00fdm sposobom<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":226,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[6],"tags":[241,39],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1268"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1268"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1268\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}