{"id":139,"date":"2006-07-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-07-21T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2006\/07\/22\/zapla-alebo-zomri-3\/"},"modified":"2006-07-22T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2006-07-21T22:00:00","slug":"zapla-alebo-zomri-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2006\/07\/22\/zapla-alebo-zomri-3\/","title":{"rendered":"ZAPLA\u0164, alebo ZOMRI (3)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-3\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/logo.jpg\" alt=\"logo\" title=\"logo\" align=\"left\" border=\"0\" height=\"65\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" width=\"100\" \/><strong>Autorom tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku z roku 1991 je Sergej Mle\u010din, b\u00fdval\u00fd disident, ktor\u00e9ho vycestovanie zo Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu dlh\u00e9 roky po\u017eadovala svetov\u00e1 \u017eidovsk\u00e1 verejnos\u0165 i ofici\u00e1lni predstavitelia americkej vl\u00e1dy. V j\u00fani 1988 dostali man\u017eelia Mle\u010dinovci vycestovacie povolenie. Av\u0161ak pomery, na ktor\u00e9 narazili v USA, od z\u00e1kladov zmenili ich politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, tak\u017ee sa napokon vr\u00e1tili do Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <!--more--> <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u010co to je, poisten\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edctvo? Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm, tu nejde o poisten\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edctvo (za lek\u00e1rsku starostlivos\u0165 sa predsa plat\u00ed), ale o poistenie pre pr\u00edpad choroby. S\u00e1m term\u00edn poisten\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edctvo vymysleli na\u0161i dom\u00e1ci propag\u00e1tori trhu na zahmlenie zmyslu tohto pojmu. V ich interpret\u00e1cii to vyzer\u00e1 dos\u0165 ne\u0161kodne: pla\u0165 si po trocha ka\u017ed\u00fd mesiac, a ke\u010f ochorie\u0161, pois\u0165ovacia spolo\u010dnos\u0165 ti zaplat\u00ed v\u0161etky n\u00e1klady na lie\u010denie. Niekedy sa k tomu dod\u00e1va, \u017ee poistn\u00e9 bude plati\u0165 zo svojich prostriedkov majite\u013e podniku, ktor\u00fd venuje mimoriadnu starostlivos\u0165 nadv\u00e4zovaniu \u201esoci\u00e1lneho partnerstva&#8220; so svojimi n\u00e1mezdn\u00fdmi robotn\u00edkmi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ke\u010f ich \u010dlovek po\u010d\u00fava, mimovo\u013ene vyron\u00ed aj slzu od dojatia. Ako skvele je \u201etam&#8220; v\u0161etko zariaden\u00e9 a ti zl\u00ed konzervat\u00edvci br\u00e1nia, aby sa to okam\u017eite zaviedlo aj tu v Sovietskom zv\u00e4ze. No predsa len, ako je to v skuto\u010dnosti?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V tvrdej trhovej realite je ka\u017ed\u00e1 pois\u0165ovacia spolo\u010dnos\u0165 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm komer\u010dn\u00fdm, a nie dobro\u010dinn\u00fdm podnikom. Jej \u010dinnos\u0165 je zameran\u00e1 na dosiahnutie maxim\u00e1lneho zisku, a v\u00f4bec nie na to, aby niekomu pomohla zaplati\u0165 za lie\u010denie. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u00fahrnn\u00e1 suma poistn\u00e9ho mus\u00ed by\u0165 ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ia ne\u017e suma vyplaten\u00fdch poistiek. Preto sa pois\u0165ovacie spolo\u010dnosti na jednej strane usiluj\u00fa o zv\u00fd\u0161enie poistn\u00e9ho a na druhej strane maxim\u00e1lne obmedzuj\u00fa rozsah a mo\u017enos\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 poistn\u00fa sumu. Nako\u013eko tu ide o zdravie a \u017eivot, mo\u017enosti zvy\u0161ova\u0165 v\u00fd\u0161ku poistn\u00e9ho s\u00fa ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00e9. Nemocensk\u00e9 poistenie je teda ve\u013emi v\u00fdnosn\u00fd druh podnikania a pois\u0165ovacie spolo\u010dnosti prekvitaj\u00fa. A \u010do pacienti?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ako som u\u017e povedal, na rozdiel od 40 mili\u00f3nov Ameri\u010danov som mal nemocensk\u00e9 poistenie. Navy\u0161e, ak\u00fd to z\u00e1zrak, poistn\u00e9 platil zo svojich prostriedkov m\u00f4j \u0161\u00e9f. Jedn\u00e9ho pekn\u00e9ho d\u0148a mi ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee je rozhodnut\u00fd plati\u0165 a\u017e 80 dol\u00e1rov mesa\u010dne, aby ma uchr\u00e1nil pred ak\u00fdmiko\u013evek nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00fdmi prekvapeniami. Pravda, za pripoistenie man\u017eelky \u017eiadal 130 dol\u00e1rov mesa\u010dne z mojich pe\u0148az\u00ed, no s\u00e1m fakt existencie poistky vyzeral ako mal\u00fd z\u00e1zrak ve\u013ekej trhovej ekonomiky.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ke\u010f som dostal poistku, uvedomil som si, \u017ee sa nijak\u00fd z\u00e1zrak nekonal. Poistka fakticky nekryla ani 80 percent v\u00fddavkov spojen\u00fdch s n\u00e1v\u0161tevou u lek\u00e1ra pri prechladnut\u00ed. T\u00e1to n\u00e1v\u0161teva stoj\u00ed v Amerike 25 dol\u00e1rov a lek\u00e1r v\u00e1m porad\u00ed pi\u0165 ve\u013ea hor\u00faceho \u010daju a u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aspir\u00edn. Zo spom\u00ednan\u00fdch 25 dol\u00e1rov pois\u0165ov\u0148a kryje 20, no aj p\u00e4\u0165 dol\u00e1rov zaplati\u0165 za radu u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aspir\u00edn pri prechladnut\u00ed je pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru pridrah\u00fd \u0161p\u00e1s. Teoreticky by poistka mohla pokry\u0165 60 percent ceny sadry pri zlomenine nohy, no na\u0161\u0165astie nohu som si v Amerike nezlomil.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na \u010dosi v\u00e1\u017enej\u0161ie, ako je napr\u00edklad inzul\u00edn, ktor\u00fd som skuto\u010dne potreboval, sa poistka v\u00f4bec nevz\u0165ahovala. V pr\u00edru\u010dke vydanej pois\u0165ovacou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou bolo drobn\u00fdm p\u00edsmom nap\u00edsan\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00fddavky na lie\u010denie chronick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed sa nehradia do jedn\u00e9ho roka od okamihu obdr\u017eania poistky. E\u0161te drobnej\u0161\u00edm p\u00edsmom tam bolo nap\u00edsan\u00e9 vysvetlenie k tomuto bodu, v ktorom sa uv\u00e1dzalo, \u017ee v\u00fddavky na lie\u010denie chronick\u00e9ho ochorenia sa bud\u00fa hradi\u0165 po uplynut\u00ed jedn\u00e9ho roka len v tom pr\u00edpade, ak v priebehu toho roka pacient ani raz nenav\u0161t\u00edvil lek\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nav\u0161t\u00edvil som viacero poistn\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed v snahe zisti\u0165, ko\u013eko stoj\u00ed poistka, ktor\u00e1 by kryla v\u00fddavky na lie\u010denie chronick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Napr\u00edklad v\u00fddavky na lie\u010denie cukrovky. Odpove\u010f bola \u0161okuj\u00faca. V r\u00f4znych pois\u0165ovniach p\u00fdtali odo m\u0148a od 1500 do 2000 dol\u00e1rov mesa\u010dne. Moja hrub\u00e1 mzda v\u0161ak bola okolo tis\u00edc dol\u00e1rov&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autorom tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku z roku 1991 je Sergej Mle\u010din, b\u00fdval\u00fd disident, ktor\u00e9ho vycestovanie zo Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu dlh\u00e9 roky po\u017eadovala svetov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[10],"tags":[38,37,34],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=139"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}