{"id":1424,"date":"2011-12-26T20:15:34","date_gmt":"2011-12-26T19:15:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2011\/12\/26\/komunismus-a-faismus-1\/"},"modified":"2011-12-26T20:15:34","modified_gmt":"2011-12-26T19:15:34","slug":"komunismus-a-faismus-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2011\/12\/26\/komunismus-a-faismus-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Komunismus a fa\u0161ismus (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"logo\"Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed komunismu a fa\u0161ismu d\u016fvody d\u016fsledky?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00davod<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed komunismu a fa\u0161ismu d\u016fvody d\u016fsledky?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nejen \u010dlen\u016fm KS\u010cM a t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed s n\u00ed sympatizuj\u00ed, ale v\u0161em racion\u00e1ln\u011b uva\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm lidem nen\u00ed t\u0159eba vysv\u011btlovat, \u017ee komunismus nen\u00ed podobn\u00fd fa\u0161ismu a u\u017e v\u016fbec s n\u00edm nen\u00ed shodn\u00fd \u010di toto\u017en\u00fd. Srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 se nesrovnateln\u00e9. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 ideologick\u00e1 kampa\u0148 proti komunistick\u00e9 ideologii a teorii, protikomunistick\u00e9mu hnut\u00ed a politice je v\u0161ak zna\u010dn\u011b propracovan\u00e1, soustavn\u00e1 i intenz\u00edvn\u00ed. Vy\u00fas\u0165uje a\u017e do z\u00e1v\u011bru: Sv\u011bt byl skv\u011bl\u00fd, v\u0161echno bylo dobr\u00e9, pokud nep\u0159i\u0161el bol\u0161evismus a neuchv\u00e1\u00edil moc.<\/p>\n

Takov\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed jsou do krajnosti zjednodu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed. Jsou zcela lhostejn\u00e1 k n\u00e1rok\u016fm na kritick\u00fd, zdr\u017eenliv\u00fd, objektivn\u00ed \u00fasudek. Maj\u00ed militantn\u00ed charakter a smysl. Jde v nich o jednoduchou volbu: bu\u010f anebo a kdo s koho. Maj\u00ed vytvo\u0159it obecn\u011b p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00fd symbol spole\u010densk\u00e9ho zla a uvrhnout jej do klatby.<\/p>\n

Mnoh\u00e9 lidi takov\u00e9 srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mate. Jak p\u00ed\u0161e Petr Uhl, „mnoz\u00ed publicist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou nepamatuj\u00ed ani nacismus, ani l\u00e9ta pades\u00e1t\u00e1, je pova\u017euj\u00ed za nepopirateln\u00fd axiom“ \/Listy \u010d. l, 1995, s. 35\/. Z tlaku antikomunistick\u00e9ho fundamcntalismu nejsou s to se vymanit a naj\u00edt vhodn\u00e9 protiargumenty ani ti, kter\u00fdmi manipulovat nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Je v\u0161ak dosti t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed sice sd\u00edlej\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 v\u00fdhrady proti komunistick\u00e9 politice, srovn\u00e1n\u00ed komunismu s fa\u0161ismem v\u0161ak pova\u017euj\u00ed za neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, lacin\u00e9 a fale\u0161n\u00e9 a zast\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f za d\u00edlo ignorance \u010di arogance \/Tamt\u00e9\u017e, s. 33A Mluv\u00ed o \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9 optice antikomunistick\u00e9ho k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1ctv\u00ed \/J.\u0160abata, tamt\u00e9\u017e, s.21\/, o plundrov\u00e1n\u00ed boji\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e9ho se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed bitvu p\u0159e\u017eili ve sklep\u00edch \/Mlyn\u00e1\u0159, tamt\u00e9\u017e, s.13\/.<\/p>\n

Neust\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed snaha zd\u016fraz\u0148ovat shody a dokonce toto\u017enost komunismu a fa\u0161ismu, m\u00e1 \u0159adu d\u016fvod\u016f. P\u0159edn\u00edm.z nich je pokus odv\u00e9st pozornost od z\u00e1kladn\u00edho sporu modern\u00ed doby, tj. o perspektivu kapitalismu. V pozad\u00ed je ideologick\u00e1 sugesce, \u017ee kapitalismus je posledn\u00edm slovem d\u011bjin \/\u0160abata, tamt\u00e9\u017e, s.19\/ a \u017ee \u00fasil\u00ed o prosazen\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed, socialistick\u00e9 alternativy v\u017edy nutn\u00e9 kon\u010d\u00ed ve stagnaci a destrukci. Srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je projevem slabosti ideov\u011b politick\u00e9 pozice sou\u010dasn\u00fdch vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edch vrstev, \u00fa\u010delov\u00fdm man\u00e9vrem, kter\u00fd vych\u00e1z\u00ed vst\u0159\u00edc z\u00e1jm\u016fm dom\u00e1c\u00edho i zahrani\u010dn\u00edho finan\u010dn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu a pokou\u0161\u00ed se zesilovat dezorientaci d\u011blnick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy.<\/p>\n

Smyslem tohoto srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je znev\u00e1\u017eit p\u0159edem jak\u00e9koli kritick\u00e9 vystoupen\u00ed proti budov\u00e1n\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho kapitalismu z levicov\u00fdch, socialistick\u00fdch pozic. Ale nejen to: jde tak\u00e9 o zu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed prostoru pro demokracii v r\u00e1mci kapitalismu. „Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed“‚, ne\u00edr\u017dn\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 demokracie v tomto kontextu zav\u00e1n\u00ed extremismem, p\u0159ijatelnou se jev\u00ed pouze demokracie v liber\u00e1ln\u011b konzervativn\u00edm pojet\u00ed. A hlavn\u011b: jde o v\u010dasnou p\u0159\u00edpravu na ochranu pozic p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm ohro\u017een\u00edm, na boj o udr\u017een\u00ed kapitalistick\u00fdch vymo\u017eenost\u00ed v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky. Co by se stalo, kdyby k takov\u00e9mu ohro\u017een\u00ed do\u0161lo? „Hlavn\u00ed riziko a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zlo je bezpochyby komunismus, \u0159eknou. Fa\u0161ismus, zejm\u00e9na jeho syst\u00e9m v\u016fdcovsk\u00fd, vl\u00e1da pevn\u00e9 ruky, do\u010dasn\u00e9 suspendov\u00e1n\u00ed ochrany lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a parlamentn\u00ed demokracie je zlem nepochybn\u011b men\u0161\u00edm, kter\u00e9 bude nutn\u00e9, s bolest\u00ed v srdci, zvolit, abychom zachr\u00e1nili zemi \/sv\u011bt\/ od komunismu“ \/P.Uhl, tamt\u00e9\u017e, s.33\/. Na\u0161e bur\u017eoazie se srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm fa\u0161ismu a komunismu p\u0159ipravuje na p\u0159\u00edpadnou volbu mezi „dv\u011bma totalitarismy“.<\/p>\n

N\u011bco se z tohoto z\u00e1kulis\u00ed velk\u00e9ho dramatu transformace ob\u010das vynese na povrch. T. Je\u017eek nap\u0159. opakovan\u011b seznamuje ve\u0159ejnost s t\u00edm, jak snadno si vl\u00e1dn\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed roz\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed krizov\u00fdch situac\u00ed. Odbory jsou nedemokratickou instituc\u00ed. Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hnut\u00ed se rod\u00ed ze spiknut\u00ed a z nedostatku bd\u011blosti tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. Jak snadn\u00e9 je jim „zatnout tipec“!<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edm se m\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm neust\u00e1le lito\u010dit na v\u011bdom\u00ed mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e dnes maj\u00ed d\u00edky vl\u00e1dn\u00ed propagand\u011b zna\u010dn\u011b neurovnan\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o minulosti. M\u00e1 b\u00fdt zesilov\u00e1na ned\u016fv\u011bra k v\u011b\u010dn\u011b nespokojen\u00fdm a revoltu podn\u011bcuj\u00edc\u00edm intelektu\u00e1l\u016fm. Ob\u010dan\u016fm se m\u00e1 zt\u011b\u017eovat st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9, realistick\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed, br\u00e1nit jim, aby pronikali pod povrch spole\u010densk\u00e9ho d\u011bn\u00ed. M\u00e1 se tak odv\u00e1d\u011bt pozornost nejen od d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch nedostatk\u016f, slabin a af\u00e9r politiky vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edch vrstev, ale tak\u00e9 od jej\u00ed prav\u00e9, hluboce zp\u00e1te\u010dnick\u00e9 povahy.<\/p>\n

Nejde tud\u00ed\u017e v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jen o komunismus, \u010di dokonce o politick\u00e9 pozice komunist\u016f. Protidemokratick\u00fdm, an\u00edihumanistick\u00fdm ta\u017een\u00edm se c\u00edt\u00ed ohro\u017eeni „osmasedes\u00e1tn\u00edci“, levicov\u011b sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00edc\u00ed disidenti, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 \/podle slov D.B\u00e1rty, jen obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b \u010del\u00ed pokus\u016fm nasadit soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracii ps\u00ed hlavu fa\u0161ismu, Listy, \u010d.l, 1995, s.16\/ i liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 a z\u010d\u00e1sti tak\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165an\u0161t\u00ed demokrat\u00e9, \u010di k\u0159es\u0165an\u0161t\u00ed soci\u00e1lov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Je toto znepokojen\u00ed od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9? Rozhl\u00e9dn\u011bme se kolem sebe. Ve spole\u010dnosti jsou neust\u00e1le \u017eiveny „o\u010distn\u00e9“ a poois\u00edychtiv\u00e9 n\u00e1lady. Byl prosazen lustra\u010dn\u00ed a protikomunistick\u00fd z\u00e1kon, jimi\u017e jsou po\u010detn\u00e9 skupiny lid\u00ed vy\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1ni z \u00dastavou a Listinou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a svobod garantovan\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a svobod, a jejich spole\u010densk\u00e1 a \u017eivotn\u00ed \u0161ance je omezov\u00e1na. Jsou p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny proti\u00fastavn\u00ed antikomunistick\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky, je\u017e „smrd\u00ed fa\u0161ismem“ \/Z. Mlyn\u00e1\u0159\/. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost a instituce tuto praxi odsoudily, nikoli v\u0161ak feder\u00e1ln\u00ed a \u010desk\u00fd \u00dastavn\u00ed soud. Nezd\u016fvodn\u011bnou p\u0159edstavou nen\u00ed podle Z.Mlyn\u00e1re „duch fa\u0161istoidn\u00edho antikomunismu“ ani v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch \/Listy, \u010d.l, 1995, s.14\/. V nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch letech a mo\u017en\u00e1 i m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, se z\u00e1v\u011brem stolet\u00ed, lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat vystup\u0148ovan\u00fd z\u00e1jem o p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se v n\u011bm odehr\u00e1ly, ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho onoho ru\u0161n\u00e9ho a slo\u017eit\u00e9ho d\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00fdm se vyzna\u010dovalo. Ideologov\u00e9 kapitalismu se budou cht\u00edt p\u0159ipravit na vyhrocen\u00e9 spory o st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed jeho perspektiv, vzhledem k mo\u017enostem sou\u010dasn\u00e9 civilizace, k nim\u017e zavd\u00e1 p\u0159elom stalet\u00ed a tis\u00edcilet\u00ed nov\u00fd podn\u011bt. Pokus o takov\u00fd n\u00e1stup nelze podce\u0148ovat. Levicov\u00e1 politika v n\u011bm m\u016f\u017ee po\u010d\u00edtat s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi spojenci nejen mezi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi skupinami, kter\u00e9 stav\u00ed proti kapitalismu jejich existen\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1jem, ale i mezi v\u0161emi soudn\u00fdmi, kriticky mysl\u00edc\u00edmi lidmi.<\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed komunismu a fa\u0161ismu d\u016fvody d\u016fsledky?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[10],"tags":[98,51,58],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1424"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1424"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1424\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}