{"id":1513,"date":"2011-03-03T21:07:36","date_gmt":"2011-03-03T20:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2011\/03\/03\/libye-vera-a-dnes\/"},"modified":"2011-03-03T21:07:36","modified_gmt":"2011-03-03T20:07:36","slug":"libye-vera-a-dnes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2011\/03\/03\/libye-vera-a-dnes\/","title":{"rendered":"Libye v\u010dera a dnes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"justify\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-220\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/09\/libye.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"libye\" title=\"libye\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" width=\"70\" height=\"50\" align=\"left\" \/>Jak vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 na Libyi \u010desk\u00fd pracovn\u00edk, kter\u00fd tam byl\u00a0v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed  <\/p>\n<p> <!--more--> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>\u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 mise<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Stovky \u010ds. leteck\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f odl\u00e9taly v t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u010dit Libyjce l\u00e9tat s na\u0161imi letadly L 39 Albatros a u\u010dit je v\u0161echno kolem provozu leteck\u00e9 techniky.\u00a0\u00a0 Libye od n\u00e1s tenkr\u00e1t koupila velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed letadel. Jak uvedl ned\u00e1vno v na\u0161\u00ed TV p. Petr\u00e1nek\u00a0 \/ v Hyde Parku \/, je\u0161t\u011b v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b maj\u00ed asi 100 t\u011bchto letadel. Pracovali jsme v r\u00e1mci vojensk\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 \u0161koly. Domlouvali jsme se anglicky, Libyjci se v t\u00e9to \u0161kole u\u010dili anglicky. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Podneb\u00ed<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> L\u00e9to je na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed velmi hork\u00e9, 40 stup\u0148\u016f ve st\u00ednu. Ve vnitrozem\u00ed \/Sahara\/ i v\u00edce. Tam je ale such\u00fd vzduch, tak se to l\u00e9pe sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. Jsou tam velk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly teplot ve dne a v noci.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Zima je tam nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed \u2013 chladn\u00e9, de\u0161tiv\u00e9 klina. P\u0159it\u00e1p\u011bli jsme si.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Libyjsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Vybaven\u00ed arm\u00e1dy bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b velmi pestr\u00e9. P\u0159es \u0161patn\u00e9 tehdej\u0161\u00ed vztahy Libye se Z\u00e1padem bylo mo\u017eno vid\u011bt vedle sov\u011btsk\u00e9 a na\u0161\u00ed techniky v\u00fdzbroj a v\u00fdstroj z USA, Kanady, Francie \/letouny MIRAGE\/ atd.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Dokonce \u0159ada d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f libyjsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy vystudovala vysok\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 \u0161koly v USA. Arm\u00e1da byla vlasteneck\u00e1. P\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed Isl\u00e1mu, v\u010detn\u011b Ramadanu a denn\u00edch modliteb. Probl\u00e9my to neslo nap\u0159. u pilot\u016f. V letov\u00fd den se nemohli postit, museli ramad\u00e1n p\u0159eru\u0161it a pak to v jin\u00e9m term\u00ednu nahrazovat.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Ji\u017e v t\u00e9 dob\u011b v Libyi \u017eila \u0159ada Libyjc\u016f \u010dern\u00e9 pleti, slou\u017eili i v arm\u00e1d\u011b.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Arabov\u00e9<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Arabov\u00e9 jsou hrd\u00ed, suver\u00e9nn\u00ed lid\u00e9. Maj\u00ed r\u00e1di siln\u00e9 v\u016fdce, ka\u017ed\u00fd z arabsk\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f by cht\u011bl b\u00fdt hegemonem &#8211; proto probl\u00e9my se sjednocen\u00edm. Jejich p\u0159edstava o dikt\u00e1torovi byla odli\u0161n\u00e1 od na\u0161\u00ed. V Libyi nebyl a nen\u00ed turistick\u00fd ruch. Je tam kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e, ale to je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hranic Libye.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Kadd\u00e1f\u00edho spole\u010dnost<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Po p\u0159evratu v r. 1969, kdy se Kadd\u00e1f\u00ed dostal k moci byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena republika. Byla zest\u00e1tn\u011bna t\u011b\u017eba ropy, Kadd\u00e1f\u00ed v t\u00e9 dob\u011b ud\u011blal hodn\u011b pro obyvatele a pro Libyi samotnou \/ bezplatn\u011b auta, televizory v\u011bt\u0161inou japonsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby, bytov\u00e1 v\u00fdstavba, kterou prov\u00e1d\u011bly zahrani\u010dn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed firmy, do t\u00e9 doby hodn\u011b lid\u00ed hlavn\u011b ve ven\u00ackovsk\u00fdch oblastech \u017eilo v &quot;zemljank\u00e1ch&quot; \/. Probl\u00e9mem v\u0161ak byly slu\u017eby, opravny aut atd., pro kter\u00e9 nebylo dost kvalifikovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f &#8211; proto nap\u0159. velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vrak\u016f aut, kter\u00e9 musely b\u00fdt po z\u00e1vad\u011b bez mo\u017enosti opravy odstaveny. Kadd\u00e1f\u00ed pozval do zem\u011b obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, firmy \/v\u00fdstavba byt\u016f, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch podnik\u016f, silnic \/zde i na\u0161i pracovn\u00edci\/ atd. V\u00fdrazn\u00e1 byla jeho snaha o zrovnopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed \u017een &#8211; v t\u00e9 dob\u011b zahalen\u00e9, ozdoben\u00e9 zlat\u00fdmi \u0161perky, co\u017e byl jejich majetek pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee by je mu\u017e vyhnal &#8211; zapudil, bez \u0161ance, aby se znovu vdaly. \u017deny byly zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1ny i v arm\u00e1d\u011b &#8211; m\u011bly sv\u016fj plat, chodily v uniform\u011b &#8211; co\u017e se mnohdy nel\u00edbilo n\u011bkter\u00fdm kmenov\u00fdm n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli v t\u00e9 dob\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b siln\u00fd vliv.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> St\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b trestn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je d\u016fsledn\u011b vytvo\u0159eno na z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch isl\u00e1mu. Politick\u00e9 strany tam byly zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny, ostatn\u00ed c\u00edrkve vedle isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed tolerov\u00e1ny.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Vl\u00e1da v zemi je uplat\u0148ov\u00e1na formou p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 demokracie cestou v\u0161elidov\u00fdch kongres\u016f svol\u00e1van\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00fd rok \/v dob\u011b kongres\u016f v trv\u00e1n\u00ed asi 1 m\u011bs\u00edc omezen\u00ed v \u017eivot\u011b zem\u011b -obchodn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165, slu\u017eby atd.\/  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Ob\u010dan\u00e9 maj\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bnou bezplatnou zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di \/v t\u00e9 dob\u011b bylo v Libyi velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed na\u0161ich l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f\/, bezplatn\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed. V zemi nebyly n\u011bjak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edly, b\u00edda jako v n\u011bkter\u00fdch jin\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Lid\u00e9, kter\u00e9 jsem m\u011bl mo\u017enost poznat um\u011bli v\u0161ichni \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Kadd\u00e1f\u00ed<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Kadd\u00e1f\u00edho \u201eZelen\u00e1 kniha\u201c tam byla velmi popularizov\u00e1na, cit\u00e1ty z n\u00ed byly ve m\u011bstech na bilboardech.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> K\u00e1dd\u00e1f\u00ed s\u00e1m \u010dasto vystupoval v libyjsk\u00e9 televizi. R\u00e1d st\u0159\u00eddal sv\u00e9 obleky, p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed m\u011bl jin\u00fd. Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 a jist\u011b drah\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed mu jist\u011b zhoto\u00acvovali v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Jako v\u011bt\u0161ina Arab\u016f r\u00e1d mluvil, n\u011bkter\u00e1 jeho vystoupen\u00ed, kde promlouval k n\u00e1rodu trvala i n\u011bkolik hodin.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> V prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 80.let byl \u00fadajn\u011b pokus o atent\u00e1t na Kadd\u00e1f\u00edho organizovan\u00fd zven\u010d\u00ed -pot\u00e9 byla v zemi zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, omezeno cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u00ac\u0161en\u00e9 kontroly na hranic\u00edch i ve vnitrozem\u00ed.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> St\u0159\u00eddaly se dobr\u00e9 i \u0161patn\u00e9 vztahy s okoln\u00edmi st\u00e1ty. Za\u017eili jsme zhor\u0161en\u00ed vztah\u016f s Egyptem a pak i s Tuniskem, kdy n\u00e1sledoval odsun tunisk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali v Libyi. Jednalo se v\u011bt\u0161inou o chud\u00e9 lidi z Tunisu, kte\u0159\u00ed si p\u0159i n\u00e1vratu dom\u016f nesm\u011bli nic odv\u00e9zt, tak\u017ee se vr\u00e1tili dom\u016f tak chud\u00ed jako p\u0159i\u0161li.\u00a0  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Nyn\u00ed je tam podle zpr\u00e1v hodn\u011b Egyp\u0165an\u016f, ti tam za n\u00e1s nebyli.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Vztahy s USA<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> V 80. letech tam byla \u0159ada provokac\u00ed, incident\u016f, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovala p\u0159\u00edtomnost americk\u00fdch\u00a0 letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed v Syrtsk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu atd. Vyvrcholen\u00ed nastalo v r. 1986 p\u0159i no\u010dn\u00edm n\u00e1letu na Tripolis a Bengh\u00e1z\u00ed. Pomoc\u00ed laserov\u00fdch zam\u011b\u0159ova\u010d\u016f\u00a0 bombardovali Kadd\u00e1f\u00edho s\u00eddlo \/kas\u00e1rna\/ v Tripolisu a s\u00eddlo jeho tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 minuli a zas\u00e1hli s\u00eddlo francouzsk\u00e9ho velvyslanectv\u00ed. V Bengh\u00e1z\u00ed podle informace libyjsk\u00fdch sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f zas\u00e1hli \u0161kolu.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Propaganda v libyjsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b nadsazovala \u00fasp\u011bchy libyjsk\u00e9 protiletadlov\u00e9 obrany. Pozd\u011bji se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee do\u0161lo k sest\u0159elen\u00ed 1 americk\u00e9ho letounu. Probl\u00e9my byly i u na\u0161ich sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 zveli\u010dovaly v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd konflikt a n\u00e1sledky bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed v dob\u011b, kdy bylo p\u0159eru\u0161eno telefonick\u00e9 spojen\u00ed do Evropy a na\u0161i p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed doma m\u011bli o n\u00e1s pochopiteln\u011b obavy.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>P\u0159\u00edroda<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, p\u00edse\u010dn\u00e9 pl\u00e1\u017ee \u010dist\u00e9 St\u0159edozemn\u00ed mo\u0159e. Ve vnitrozem\u00ed \/ na Saha\u0159e \/ se st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1 p\u00edse\u010dn\u00e1 i skalnat\u00e1 pou\u0161\u0165 &#8211; pod Saharou jsou obrovsk\u00e9 z\u00e1soby sladk\u00e9 vody.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Pou\u0161\u0165 se st\u00e1le roz\u0161i\u0159uje na jih &#8211; v dob\u011b, kdy sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 m\u011bli obsazen\u00e9 Libyjsk\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo zalesn\u011bno, byla Libye z\u00e1sob\u00e1rnou zv\u011b\u0159e pro gladi\u00e1torsk\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy v \u0158\u00edm\u011b.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> P\u0159es t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, zejm\u00e9na v pou\u0161tn\u00edch oblastech se d\u00edky rozvoji vrtan\u00fdch studn\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed plochy pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed zeleniny a ovoce. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z pracovn\u00edku na t\u011bchto projektech se u\u010dili zahradnictv\u00ed v \u010ceskoslovensku. Pro pot\u0159eby zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Libye byl vybudov\u00e1n n\u00e1kladn\u00fd a technicky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd projekt &quot;Um\u011bl\u00e1 \u0159eka\u201c.\u00a0 Voda je vedena z pou\u0161tn\u00edch vrt\u016f potrub\u00edm o pr\u016fm\u011bru 4 metry na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. \u201eUm\u011bl\u00e1 \u0159eka\u201c byla \u00fadajn\u011b vybudov\u00e1na s pomoc\u00ed americk\u00fdch a jihokorejsk\u00fdch firem.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>Kultura<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Televize &#8211; 1 arabsk\u00fd kan\u00e1l, druh\u00fd kan\u00e1l st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b v anglick\u00e9 a francouzsk\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di se zaj\u00edmav\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodopisn\u00fdmi i cestopisn\u00fdmi filmy.<br \/> V Tripolisu byly v kinech i americk\u00e9 filmy. Popul\u00e1rn\u00ed je tam fotbal, ko\u0148sk\u00e9 i velbloud\u00ed dostihy.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Velmi je tam roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena typick\u00e1 arabsk\u00e1 keramika \/p\u00e1len\u00e1 hl\u00edna\/.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> <strong>N\u00e1zor na to, co se tam d\u011bje nyn\u00ed<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Nev\u00edm, jakou je tam Kadd\u00e1f\u00ed autoritou v sou\u010dasnosti. Vyrostly tam nov\u00e9 generace, u nich\u017e u\u017e asi nem\u00e1 takov\u00fd zvuk &#8211; mlad\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje modern\u00ed technika, modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob \u017eivota &#8211; snad i v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed\u00a0 vliv zahrani\u010dn\u00ed propagandy.  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"> Vlivem omezen\u00ed cestovn\u00edho ruchu v zemi, nikdo po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nev\u00ed, co se tam d\u011bje, jak\u00fd je skute\u010dn\u00fd stav a zpr\u00e1vy ve sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch jsou \u010dasto jen dohady. \u00a0 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 na Libyi \u010desk\u00fd pracovn\u00edk, kter\u00fd tam byl\u00a0v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[9],"tags":[56],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1513"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}