{"id":165,"date":"2020-05-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-08T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/05\/06\/pro-prahu-osvobodila-ruda-armada\/"},"modified":"2020-05-06T19:10:57","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T17:10:57","slug":"pro-prahu-osvobodila-ruda-armada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2020\/05\/09\/pro-prahu-osvobodila-ruda-armada\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d Prahu osvobodila Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed vnuka gener\u00e1la EISENHOWERA\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm del\u0161\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed n\u00e1s d\u011bl\u00ed od skon\u010den\u00ed 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a na\u0161eho osvobozen\u00ed od fa\u0161ismu, t\u00edm v\u00edce je ve st\u0159edu pozornosti historik\u016f, spisovatel\u016f, politik\u016f ale i prost\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Tento fenom\u00e9n si lze vysv\u011btlit t\u00edm, \u017ee tato v\u00e1lka vyryla hlubokou stopu do \u017eivota a \u010dinnosti jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, n\u00e1rodnost\u00ed, ale i rodin a jednotliv\u00fdch lid\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 bolestiv\u00e9 r\u00e1ny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 touto v\u00e1lkou jsou st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u00e9 a proto nedovoluj\u00ed na ni zapomenout.<\/p>\n

Snad nejv\u00edce pozornosti zauj\u00edm\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, pro\u010d Prahu neosvobodila Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da a pro\u010d to byla pr\u00e1v\u011b Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da. Tato ot\u00e1zka je odrazem demarka\u010dn\u00ed linie mezi jmenovan\u00fdmi arm\u00e1dami. Existence t\u00e9to linie byla vyvol\u00e1na koali\u010dn\u00edm charakterem 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kdy arm\u00e1dy protihitlerovsk\u00e9 koalice postupovaly do centra N\u011bmecka z r\u016fzn\u00fdch sv\u011btov\u00fdch stran. Demarka\u010dn\u00ed linie se proto musela p\u0159edem domluvit, kde se jednotliv\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy zastav\u00ed, aby se navz\u00e1jem nest\u0159etly. V\u017edy\u0165 p\u0159i takov\u00e9mto st\u0159etu by mohlo doj\u00edt k obrovsk\u00fdm lidsk\u00fdm a materi\u00e1ln\u00edm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Linie na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed, jak ji zn\u00e1me z historie – Karlovy Vary, Plze\u0148, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice -byla up\u0159esn\u011bna mezi Vrchn\u00edm velen\u00edm Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy a Vrchn\u00edm velen\u00edm z\u00e1padn\u00edch spojenc\u016f v dob\u011b od 30. dubna do 5. kv\u011btna 1945. V podstat\u011b v\u017edycky, kdy\u017e to vyvolaly n\u011bjak\u00e9 politick\u00e9 t\u0159enice,\u00a0jsme byli sv\u011bdky zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hodnov\u011brnosti t\u011bchto ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Stalinovi jsou podsouv\u00e1ny zl\u00e9 politick\u00e9 \u00famysly a gener\u00e1lovi Eisenhowerovi je v memo\u00e1rech jeho b\u00fdval\u00fdch pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch gener\u00e1l\u016f (velitel 12. skupiny arm\u00e1d O. N. Bradley a velitel 3. arm\u00e1dy G. S. Patton) vyt\u00fdk\u00e1no dodr\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9to linie.<\/p>\n

Nutno zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee gener\u00e1l Eisenhower se zachoval \u010destn\u011b a dohodnutou linii dodr\u017eel. To v\u0161ak nevypl\u00fdvalo z jeho ustra\u0161enosli p\u0159ed Stalinem, ale z toho, \u017ee vych\u00e1zel z tvrd\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 reality, kter\u00e1 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b byla nezvratn\u00e1. Je t\u0159eba ocenit, \u017ee nevych\u00e1zel z p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed a ambic\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch politik\u016f nebo gener\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n

Eisenhower tak prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee st\u00e1l fakticky i obrazn\u011b v\u00fd\u0161 a vid\u011bl d\u00e1l ne\u017e jeho pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed gener\u00e1lov\u00e9, m\u011bl nejen vojensk\u00e9, ale i st\u00e1tnick\u00e9 schopnosti, co\u017e prok\u00e1zal zejm\u00e9na pozd\u011bji ve funkci prezidenta USA. A zde je nutno hledat odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, pro\u010d Prahu osvobodila Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da a nikoliv Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da.<\/p>\n

Uveden\u00e1 skute\u010dnost vypl\u00fdvala a odr\u00e1\u017eela situaci na front\u011b. Takov\u00e1 je historick\u00e1 pravda, kterou nelze zm\u011bnit p\u0159eps\u00e1n\u00edm d\u011bjin, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm (o zm\u011bn\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00edho sv\u00e1tku \u010cR z 9.5. na 8.5, pozn. red. NoS<\/em>) nebo p\u0159elakov\u00e1n\u00edm (sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho tanku na r\u016f\u017eovo, pozn. red. NoS). <\/em><\/p>\n

O Eisenhowerov\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed dodr\u017eet ujednanou demarka\u010dn\u00ed linii na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska p\u00ed\u0161e jeho vnuk – David Eisenhower,<\/em><\/strong> jen\u017e p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed politick\u00e9 v\u011bdy na Pensylv\u00e1nsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b v USA. V obs\u00e1hl\u00e9, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 tis\u00edcistr\u00e1nkov\u00e9 knize \u201eEisenhower: Ve v\u00e1lce 1943-1945″<\/em><\/strong>, je\u017e vy\u0161la v New Yorku v r. 1986, uv\u00e1d\u00ed t\u0159i d\u016fvody, kter\u00e9 vedly jeho d\u011bde\u010dka k respektov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 demarka\u010dn\u00ed linie v \u010ceskoslovensku.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed d\u016fvod<\/strong> – byl \u010dist\u011b vojensk\u00fd: Prahou prob\u00edhaly \u017eivotn\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 spoje pro N\u011bmce. Proto velitel 3. arm\u00e1dy Ameri\u010dan\u016f gener\u00e1l G. S. Patton musel nutn\u011b po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bsta by se neobe\u0161lo bez t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t. Nav\u00edc by se zapletl do akc\u00ed Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, co\u017e by mohlo m\u00edt nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky jak pro Americkou, tak pro Rudou arm\u00e1du.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd d\u016fvod<\/strong> – byl vojensko-politick\u00fd: kdyby Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da poru\u0161ila dohodu o demarka\u010dn\u00ed linii a t\u00e1hla na Prahu, Z\u00e1padu by to v\u016fbec nep\u0159ineslo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd zisk, sp\u00ed\u0161e naopak. Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da by potom m\u011bla s\u00edlu k pochodu na sever – do D\u00e1nska a na jih – do Rakouska a t\u00edm by Z\u00e1pad v\u00edc ztratil ne\u017e z\u00edskal.<\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed d\u016fvod<\/strong> – byl \u010dist\u011b politick\u00fd: obsazen\u00ed Prahy Pattonovou arm\u00e1dou by je\u0161t\u011b neznamenalo zm\u011bnu politick\u00e9 orientace pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska. V\u017edy\u0165 \u010ceskoslovensko na rozd\u00edl od N\u011bmecka nebylo st\u00e1tem pora\u017een\u00fdm, ale osvobozen\u00fdm, kde presti\u017en\u00ed spory o velikosti okupa\u010dn\u00edho p\u00e1sma mezi USA a SSSR nep\u0159ich\u00e1zely v \u00favahu. Proto tak\u00e9 do konce r. 1945 jak Rud\u00e1, tak Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da opustily \u010ceskoslovensko.<\/p>\n

Tolik uv\u00e1d\u00ed vnuk gener\u00e1la Eisenhowera o d\u016fvodech dodr\u017eel sjednanou demarka\u010dn\u00ed linii spojeneck\u00fdmi arm\u00e1dami na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska.<\/p>\n

Historii o na\u0161em osvobozen\u00ed od fa\u0161ismu lze pouze poznat, nikoliv p\u0159ed\u011blat. Historie se nezm\u011bn\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee ji n\u011bkdo vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 jinak. Ji\u017e sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158ekov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkali, \u017ee ani bohov\u00e9 nemohou zm\u011bnil minulost, jej\u00ed v\u00fdklad v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit ka\u017ed\u00fd.<\/p>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee svoboda tenkr\u00e1t v kv\u011btnu 1945 p\u0159i\u0161la. Nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, z kter\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 strany a kdo ji p\u0159inesl. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee p\u0159i\u0161la a \u017ee existuje. A za to pat\u0159\u00ed na\u0161\u00edm osvoboditel\u016fm srde\u010dn\u00fd d\u00edk.<\/p>\n

TA 20\/1992, archiv NoS<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed vnuka gener\u00e1la EISENHOWERA\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2953,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8,435],"tags":[47,40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=165"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2966,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions\/2966"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}