{"id":1746,"date":"2022-02-12T00:02:26","date_gmt":"2022-02-11T23:02:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2006\/10\/12\/bartolomjska-noc\/"},"modified":"2022-02-13T16:39:02","modified_gmt":"2022-02-13T15:39:02","slug":"bartolomjska-noc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2022\/02\/12\/bartolomjska-noc\/","title":{"rendered":"Bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e1 noc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"justify\"><strong>V pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci zazn\u00edv\u00e1 tane\u010dn\u00ed hudba. Kr\u00e1lovna matka Kate\u0159ina Medicejsk\u00e1, takto fanatick\u00e1 katoli\u010dka, provdala svou dceru Mark\u00e9tu z Valois za protestanta, za hugenota Jind\u0159icha Bourbonsk\u00e9ho z Navarry. <\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Svatebn\u00ed vesel\u00ed vrchol\u00ed, kdy\u017e tu se n\u00e1hle rozezvu\u010d\u00ed zvony, jako by vypukl ve m\u011bst\u011b velik\u00fd po\u017e\u00e1r. To byla osudn\u00e1 <em>bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e1 noc<\/em> na 24. srpna 1572.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Vyzv\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed zvon\u016f bylo smluven\u00e9 znamen\u00ed pro najat\u00e9 vrahy, kte\u0159\u00ed v tom okam\u017eiku zah\u00e1jili po cel\u00e9 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei jeden z nejd\u011bsiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch masakr\u016f v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch. Za\u010dali to, co pozd\u011bji Voltaire nazval<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201enejodporn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem fanatismu, toti\u017e \u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edch v bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e9 noc\u00ed pob\u00edti, povra\u017editi, na kusy rozs\u00e1pati a vyh\u00e1zeti z oken sv\u00e9 spoluob\u010dany, kte\u0159\u00ed nechodili na m\u0161i svatou.\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"justify\">Nejstra\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na v\u011bci je, \u017ee cel\u00e9 krveprol\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed zesnovala \u017eena. Sama kr\u00e1lovna matka Kate\u0159ina Medicejsk\u00e1.<br \/>\nJe k neuv\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kam a\u017e dosp\u011bla jej\u00ed z\u00e1ludnost a zloba, kdy\u017e dokonce svolila, aby si jej\u00ed vlastn\u00ed dcera vzala hugenota, a to z\u0159ejm\u011b s t\u00edm \u00famyslem, aby svatbu sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte poskvrnila krv\u00ed toliko nevinn\u00fdch, nic netu\u0161\u00edc\u00edch svateb\u010dan\u016f. Na svatbu Jind\u0159icha Bourbonsk\u00e9ho se toti\u017e pochopiteln\u011b sjely v\u0161echny v\u016fd\u010d\u00ed hlavy francouzsk\u00fdch hugenot\u016f, to jest stoupenc\u016f Kalv\u00ednovy reformace. Z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch osobnost\u00ed hugenotsk\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 t\u00e9 noci byly mezi svateb\u010dany, se stali ob\u011bt\u00ed divok\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed hrab\u011b Coligny a Ramus. Na samotn\u00e9ho \u017eenicha Jind\u0159icha Bourbonsk\u00e9ho se pr\u00fd kr\u00e1l <em>Karel IX.<\/em> rozk\u0159ikl: <em>\u201eNa smrt nebo na m\u0161i!\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Hol\u00fd \u017eivot si \u017eenich zachr\u00e1nil jen t\u00edm, \u017ee se hugenotstv\u00ed z\u0159ekl a p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil se ke katolictv\u00ed. Tot\u00e9\u017e ud\u011blal i jeho bratranec princ z Cond\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Zat\u00edm rozv\u00e1\u0161n\u011bn\u00e1 l\u016fza u\u017e pob\u00edh\u00e1 m\u011bstem, vnik\u00e1 do dom\u016f, kter\u00e9 u\u017e byly p\u0159edem ozna\u010deny zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi znamen\u00edmi, a pob\u00edj\u00ed tu bezbrann\u00e9 hugenoty. Jen v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei p\u0159i\u0161lo t\u00e9 noci o \u017eivot 2000 ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fdch lid\u00ed. A kdy\u017e se v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dnech vra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo i na venkov, celkov\u00fd po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed dos\u00e1hl \u010d\u00edsla 25000. Bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e1 noc se stala p\u0159\u00edslove\u010dnou. Takov\u00e9 noci vra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed poznalo hitlerovsk\u00e9 N\u011bmecko nejednou a rasov\u00fd a politick\u00fd fanatismus tu nebyl o nic lep\u0161\u00ed toho n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">A kdy\u017e u\u017e jsme si ocitovali Voltair\u016fv soud a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m fanatismu, poslechn\u011bte si tak\u00e9, co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 o fanatismu politick\u00e9m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201eJsou i chladnokrevn\u00ed fanatikov\u00e9, a to soudcov\u00e9, odsuzuj\u00edc\u00ed k smrti ty, kdo\u017e nemaj\u00ed jin\u00e9 viny, ne\u017e \u017ee sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed jinak ne\u017e oni; a tito soudcov\u00e9 dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed se t\u00edm t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho zlo\u010dinu a zaslou\u017e\u00ed si t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho zatracen\u00ed od cel\u00e9ho lidstva, \u017ee nejsouce zachv\u00e1cen\u00ed zu\u0159ivost\u00ed jako Cl\u00e9mentov\u00e9, Chatellov\u00e9, Ravaillacov\u00e9 a G\u00e9rardov\u00e9, mohli by snad jednat p\u0159ece trochu rozumn\u011b.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\u201eA ti, kdo\u017e \u0159\u00edd\u00ed fanatiky,&#8220;<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 nakonec Voltaire, \u201e<em>a ti, kdo\u017e jim vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed d\u00fdku do rukou, jsou oby\u010dejn\u011b dareb\u00e1ci.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"justify\">Nem\u016f\u017ee je stihnout men\u0161i odsudek d\u011bjin ne\u017e<em> Kate\u0159inu Medicejskou<\/em> za zlo\u010diny, kter\u00e9 byly sp\u00e1ch\u00e1ny z jej\u00edho popudu v <em>Bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e9 noci.<\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><em>Obr. v titulku : <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Obraz Francoise Duboise (1529-1584): &#8222;Bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e1 noc.&#8220; Kanton\u00e1ln\u00ed muzeum v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed, Lausanne (\u0160v\u00fdcarsko)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>V roce 1994 byl o Bartolom\u011bjsk\u00e9 noci nato\u010den francouzsk\u00fd film<em> &#8222;Kr\u00e1lovna Margot&#8220;:\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<li><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Queen Margot Official Trailer (2014) HD\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JjFZ7gErZ1o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci zazn\u00edv\u00e1 tane\u010dn\u00ed hudba. Kr\u00e1lovna matka Kate\u0159ina Medicejsk\u00e1, takto fanatick\u00e1 katoli\u010dka, provdala svou dceru Mark\u00e9tu z Valois<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3354,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[10],"tags":[35],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1746"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1746"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3355,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1746\/revisions\/3355"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}