{"id":1781,"date":"2006-11-02T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-11-02T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2006\/11\/02\/kapital-proti-demokracii-2\/"},"modified":"2006-11-02T01:00:00","modified_gmt":"2006-11-02T00:00:00","slug":"kapital-proti-demokracii-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2006\/11\/02\/kapital-proti-demokracii-2\/","title":{"rendered":"KAPIT\u00c1L PROTI DEMOKRACII (2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"logo\"D\u011bjiny p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Co tu bylo p\u0159ed listopadem, vy\u017eadovalo modernizaci a v mnoh\u00e9m docela z gruntu. Komu le\u017eela na srdci, nechodil o tom jen tlachat po hospod\u00e1ch. Mluvit o tom s t\u011bmi, kdo o n\u00ed mohli a m\u011bli rozhodnout, nebylo leckdy snadn\u00e9. Z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti to byl i genera\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Probl\u00e9m my\u0161lenkov\u00fdch pochod\u016f z dob p\u0159ed des\u00edtkami let. Ztuhly v ur\u010dit\u00fd stereotyp, zat\u00edmco realita se mezit\u00edm vyv\u00edjela d\u00e1l. Modernizace v\u0161ak m\u011bla po\u0159\u00e1d \u0161anci. U\u017e se na n\u00ed tvrd\u011b pracovalo. Byly to teprve prvn\u00ed v\u00fdhonky, ale spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. Byl to \u0161\u00edlen\u00fd z\u00e1vod s \u010dasem. <\/p>\n

V \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9 situaci, stalo se n\u00e1m v\u0161ak v z\u00e1sad\u011b tot\u00e9\u017e, co Edvardu Bene\u0161ovi. Tak\u00e9 on za\u010dal \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my, je\u017e do p\u0159edmnichovsk\u00e9 republiky vn\u00e1\u0161ely nap\u011bt\u00ed, vlastn\u011b a\u017e pod tlakem zvenku. Kdy\u017e u\u017e je v\u0161ak \u0159e\u0161it za\u010dal, podrazili ho – spojenci, u nich\u017e spol\u00e9hal na podporu. N\u00e1s to koncem 80. let nezasko\u010dilo o nic m\u00e9n\u011b. Daladierovi s Chamberlainem nebylo jen \u0161umafuk, \u017ee Bene\u0161 je je\u0161t\u011b na Hrad\u011b a v \u010ceskoslovensku vl\u00e1dne protifa\u0161istick\u00e1 demokracie. Spojeneck\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky k Praze byly p\u0159\u00edmo olov\u011bnou koul\u00ed. Zbavit se j\u00ed pot\u0159ebovali st\u016fj co st\u016fj. M\u011blo to v\u0161ak vypadat jako kapitulace Prahy, a ne n\u016f\u017e. kter\u00fd j\u00ed vrazili do zad sami. Gorba\u010dov s n\u00e1mi u\u017e handloval i za p\u00e1r rychl\u00fdch \u00fav\u011br\u016f. \u010cernou d\u00edru sv\u00e9ho tureck\u00e9ho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed jimi stejn\u011b nezadr\u00e1toval. Recyklovan\u00fdch Runciman\u016f se u n\u00e1s hem\u017eily mraky u\u017e dlouho p\u0159ed listopadem – v\u00edc a s del\u0161\u00edmi prsty ne\u017e ekipa toho nadut\u00e9ho lorda. To bylo t\u0159eba vid\u011bt zbl\u00edzka – z kn\u00ed\u017eek a \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, je\u017e to h\u00e1zej\u00ed na jin\u00e9, to nikdo nevy\u010dte. I kdyby u n\u00e1s ve veden\u00ed sed\u011blo po p\u011bti Marxech, Engelsech a Leninech, jakou tu m\u011bl socialismus \u0161anci p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt te\u010f – kdy\u017e ho dali z Kremlu do frcu h\u016f\u0159 ne\u017e car Alja\u0161ku? <\/p>\n

Kter\u00e1 mocnost si sama naordinovala tak ostudn\u00fd voln\u00fd p\u00e1d? Sama sob\u011b a v m\u00edru – a ne n\u00e1sledkem v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 kapitulace? I v apar\u00e1tech, kter\u00e9 m\u011bl kolem sebe, se Gorba\u010dovovi \u0159\u00edkalo \u201ekukla" (loutka). \u017de si ho vod\u00ed jako na dr\u00e1tk\u00e1ch jin\u00ed, se dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u011blo. S\u00e1m to p\u0159itom nebyl jen unik\u00e1tn\u00ed k\u0159iv\u00e1k. Pobral i neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b m\u00e1lo rozumu. P\u0159es filtr m\u00e9d\u00ed\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mu vd\u011b\u010dn\u011b d\u011blala \u201eimage", se to velmi zda\u0159ile maskovalo. Kdo to m\u011bl mo\u017enost vid\u011bt zbl\u00edzka, lapal po dechu. Ten \u010dlov\u011bk razil smrteln\u011b v\u00e1\u017en\u011b i tak bl\u00e1zniv\u00e9 nesmysly, jako zeje nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010das zav\u0159\u00edt v\u0161echny sov\u011btsk\u00e9 podniky, je\u017e zat\u00edm nedos\u00e1hly \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b. Kdo se ho zeptal, jak to mysl\u00ed, schytal to jako \u201ezatvrzel\u00fd zast\u00e1nce stagnace". Zahrani\u010dn\u00edm host\u016fm Gorba\u010dov s oblibou \u0159\u00edk\u00e1val, \u017ee pt\u00e1t se, \u010d\u00edm perestrojka skon\u010d\u00ed, mohou leda \u201enepou\u010diteln\u00e9 konzervy" – \u201ekone\u010dnou podobu perestrojky uk\u00e1\u017eou samy procesy, kter\u00e9 jsme generovali". Mnoha primitivismy a gramatick\u00fdmi \u00falety h\u00fd\u0159ila i jeho ru\u0161tina. Pak u\u017e nebyly k dost\u00e1n\u00ed sirky ani v centru Moskvy. \u010c\u00edm hor\u0161\u00ed to bylo, t\u00edm v\u00edc se hasila \u017e\u00edze\u0148 slanou vodou. D\u011bjiny vlastn\u00ed zem\u011b se h\u00e1zely napospas \u010ctvrt\u00e9 lize baron\u016f Pr\u00e1\u0161il\u016f. Za socialismus se vyd\u00e1valo, nad \u010d\u00edm by lezly o\u010d\u00ed z d\u016flk\u016f nejen Marxovi, ale i v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b utopick\u00fdch sn\u00edlk\u016f p\u0159ed n\u00edm. P\u0159esto Gorba\u010dova nechal i v Kremlu a\u017e do konce. Ti, kdo tu hr\u016fzu zastavit mohli, byli v\u011bt\u0161inou star\u0161\u00ed. Av\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed hlup\u00e1ci, jak to dnes pl\u00e1c\u00e1, kdo s nimi neprohodil ani p\u016fl slova (a v\u011bt\u0161inou si od nich ani nic nep\u0159e\u010detl). Tady stoj\u00edme- u jedn\u00e9 z n\u011bj v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1had modern\u00edch d\u011bjin. \u0160koda, \u017ee o n\u00ed ml\u010d\u00ed jako hrob ti, koho se t\u00fdk\u00e1 osobn\u011b. Pochopit to lze snad jen lidsky, ne v\u0161ak politicky. <\/p>\n

Bylo to neskute\u010dn\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bd\u011bt, jak a pro\u010d k n\u011bmu do\u0161lo, m\u00e1 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam i pro budoucnost. <\/p>\n

Historie nem\u011b\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9 zvraty t\u00edm, cosi lid\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b mysleli – t\u0159eba, kdy\u017e cinkali kl\u00ed\u010di. M\u011b\u0159\u00ed je t\u00edm, kdo z nich profitoval re\u00e1ln\u011b – a ne ve snech, po nich\u017e z\u016fstaly o\u010di pro pl\u00e1\u010d. Kdo profitoval z politick\u00e9ho zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v cel\u00e9 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, je u\u017e roky jako na dlani: lumpenbur\u017eoazie – a lumpenproletari\u00e1t. Tady m\u00e1 p\u0159edpona v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1hu ne\u017e slovn\u00ed z\u00e1klad. Nen\u00ed to toti\u017e ani bur\u017eoazie – ani proletari\u00e1t. I proto ta \u010dil\u00e1 \u201emobilita" mezi p\u00f3ly, kter\u00e1 je jinak naprostou vz\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Zrovna u n\u00e1s je to v\u0161ak z\u010d\u00e1sti vlastn\u011b repr\u00edza. R\u016f\u017eov\u00e1 barva, jakou se p\u0159et\u00edr\u00e1 vznik a v\u00fdkon p\u0159edmnichovsk\u00fdch elit, m\u00e1 docela p\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fvod. Pon\u011bvad\u017e postavy, je\u017e by se u\u017e tenkr\u00e1t daly za\u0159adit mezi skute\u010dnou bur\u017eoazii, se vejdou na p\u00e1r prst\u016f. Zbytek p\u0159i\u0161el v podstat\u011b k hotov\u00e9mu u\u017e tehdy. Na\u0161e zem\u011b byly pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm srdcem monarchie. Modern\u00ed velkopr\u016fmysl tu v\u0161ak byl, a\u017e na v\u00fdjimky, v ciz\u00edch rukou. Samostatnost n\u00e1m daly a\u017e mocnosti po por\u00e1\u017ece monarchie v prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce – pod tektonick\u00fdm vlivem v\u0159en\u00ed, je\u017e uvedla do chodu revoluce v Rusku (jak o tom psali Masaryk i Bene\u0161, kde\u017eto dne\u0161n\u00ed moc i m\u00e9dia zaryt\u011b ml\u010d\u00ed). St\u00e1tn\u00ed samostatnost, o ni\u017e se drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina \u010desk\u00fdch \u201ehorn\u00edch deseti tis\u00edc" nezaslou\u017eila ani v nejmen\u0161\u00edm, v\u0161ak p\u0159inesla – i nostrifikaci rakousk\u00fdch aktiv, kter\u00e1 z\u016fstala na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed. Vznikla z pr\u00e1ce \u201ezlat\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch rukou". Zmocnilo se jich v\u0161ak novodob\u00e9 panstvo. Do t\u00e9 doby to \u010dasto bylo tuctov\u00e9 bankovn\u00ed nebo spr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ednictvo. Nebo kapit\u00e1l na \u00farovni \u201epana dom\u00e1c\u00edho", kter\u00fd m\u011bl dva a\u017e t\u0159i \u010din\u017eovn\u00ed domy. Z d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f a drobn\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f tu sd\u00edral a\u017e t\u0159etinu jejich platu – \u010dasto za l + O bez p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed. O to v\u00edc byl ov\u0161em posedl\u00fd t\u00edm – jak to vtipn\u011b popsal Fu\u010d\u00edk v Milenc\u00edch s ekrazitem -, \u017ee mu ostatn\u00ed museli smeknout jako prvn\u00ed. Z tohohle chabrusu se narodila p\u0159es noc – \u010desk\u00e1 bur\u017eoazn\u00ed honorace. Neum\u011bla to o moc l\u00e9pe ne\u017e ta dne\u0161n\u00ed. I tehdy si sta\u010dila p\u0159isvojit jen \u010d\u00e1st toho, co tu po monarchii z\u016fstalo. Zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1st ekonomiky nechala spadnout do zahrani\u010dn\u00edch rukou. U\u017e tenkr\u00e1t u toho tak \u010dasto byla jen \u201eza provizi" – m\u00edsto aby p\u0159evzala sama podnikatelsk\u00e9 riziko. U\u017e tenkr\u00e1t o trhu nejv\u00edc \u0159e\u010dnili ti, kdo se zmohli leda na korup\u010dn\u00ed hr\u00e1tky kolem p\u0159edra\u017een\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch zak\u00e1zek. Kdy\u017e prvn\u00ed republika kon\u010dila, jej\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd produkt byl o pouh\u00e9 jedno procento vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kdy\u017e p\u0159ed dvaceti lety za\u010d\u00ednala. Tak to stoj\u00ed ve statistik\u00e1ch. \u0158e\u010di\u010dky o hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m z\u00e1zraku jsou jen p\u00edskem do o\u010d\u00ed, co samy ne\u010dtou. Elita bez z\u00e1sluh se v\u017edy pozn\u00e1 i v politice. Ani v tom se prvn\u00ed republika od dne\u0161ka moc neli\u0161ila. Lid\u00e9 jako Masaryk a Bene\u0161 z toho byli up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00ed. Tr\u010deli mezi ostatn\u00edmi jako z jin\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Za samostatnou republiku se d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e bylo vyhr\u00e1no, postavily tis\u00edce odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Z politick\u00e9 reprezentace to v\u0161ak byl\u00ed vlastn\u011b jen Masaryk, Bene\u0161 a hrstka lid\u00ed kolem, kdo do toho nev\u00e1hali j\u00edt s osobn\u00edm nasazen\u00edm a rizikem d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e n\u00e1m spadla samostatnost ze stolu velmoc\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Byly doby, kdy m\u011bl i kapit\u00e1l v principu jeden metr. Jen co se prodral i ke st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci, nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebuje metr dvoj\u00ed. T\u00edm v\u00edc, o\u010d d\u00e9le je u moci. Ston\u00e1sob v\u00edc, kdy\u017e k n\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161el na\u010das znovu tam, kde to u\u017e jednou s ostudou odp\u00edskal. \u00dapln\u011b nejv\u00edc ze v\u0161eho, je-li \u0159e\u010d o podstat\u011b \u00fapln\u011b v\u0161eho. O vlastnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vis\u00ed nejv\u00fd\u0161 i na olt\u00e1\u0159i bur\u017eoazn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. O n\u011b \u0161lo i ve v\u0161ech \u201erevoluc\u00edch" ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b – a o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 jin\u00e1 \u201elidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va". B\u00fdt to u\u017e na p\u016fd\u011b, a ne teprve u bran kapitalismu, v\u0161ude v civilizovan\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b by zasedly v\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 tv\u00e1\u0159e v tal\u00e1rech. T\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161, \u017ee byla zcizena a st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b je zcizov\u00e1na \u201ekolektivn\u00ed investice" – \u0159e\u010deno dne\u0161n\u00edm jazykem. Investice \u201epr\u00e1ce, uspo\u0159 a odlo\u017een\u00e9 spot\u0159eby" n\u00e1s v\u0161ech. To je v\u0161ak v\u0161ude jinde p\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed okolnost – a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 alibi. Zp\u011btn\u00fdm alibi, \u017ee se pr\u00fd \u201epr\u00e1vn\u00edci zpozdili za ekonomy", v\u011b\u0159\u00ed leda beznad\u011bjn\u00fd jeliman. I proto tehdy ten kalup, \u017ee p\u0159evrat pot\u0159eboval soci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladnu, kter\u00e1 mu na startu chyb\u011bla. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n

Z knihy Sk\u00e1la, J.: D\u011bjiny psan\u00e9 kur\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a p\u0159episovan\u00e9 zbab\u011blci. OREGO, Praha 2005 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u011bjiny p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[5],"tags":[96],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1781"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1781"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1781\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}