{"id":1870,"date":"2007-03-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-03-20T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/03\/21\/md-jak-to-tenkrat-bylo\/"},"modified":"2007-03-21T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2007-03-20T23:00:00","slug":"md-jak-to-tenkrat-bylo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/03\/21\/md-jak-to-tenkrat-bylo\/","title":{"rendered":"MD\u017d &#8211; jak to tenkr\u00e1t bylo?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"justify\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-3\" style=\"float: left;\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/logo.jpg\" alt=\"logo\" width=\"120\" height=\"91\" \/><strong>Dnes je d\u00edky historii na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b <em>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den \u017een<\/em> v \u010cR spojov\u00e1n s komunistick\u00fdm re\u017eimem. Historie tohoto sv\u00e1tku v\u0161ak sah\u00e1 hluboko do minulosti.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">V roce <strong>1857<\/strong> v USA v b\u0159eznu st\u00e1vkovaly \u017eeny z textiln\u00edch tov\u00e1ren za zlep\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1vkou, spojenou s t\u00edmto sv\u00e1tkem byla st\u00e1vka \u0161vadlen v New Yorku v roce <strong>1908.<\/strong> \u017deny po\u017eadovaly zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby, lep\u0161\u00ed platy, hlasovac\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a ukon\u010den\u00ed zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed.<br \/> \u00a0<br \/> Je\u0161t\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e roku, v kv\u011btnu <strong>1908<\/strong>, rozhodla Socialistick\u00e1 strana USA, \u017ee N\u00e1rodn\u00ed den \u017een p\u0159ipadne na posledn\u00ed \u00fanorovou ned\u011bli. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b nebyl mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">O dva roky pozd\u011bji navrhla N\u011bmka <strong>Clara Zetkinov\u00e1<\/strong> na konferenci socialistick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed v Kodani zaveden\u00ed <em><strong>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne \u017een<\/strong><\/em> jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednky demonstrac\u00ed \u0161vadlen v USA. Pevn\u00fd den ale tehdy stanoven nebyl.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"justify\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1869\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/03\/Zetkin_Clara.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"293\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"justify\"><em>Obr. 1 Clara Zetkin<\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">V roce <strong>1911<\/strong> se poprv\u00e9 slavil <strong>MD\u017d <\/strong>v Rakousku, D\u00e1nsku, N\u011bmecku a \u0160v\u00fdcarsku. Datum bylo stanoveno na 19. b\u0159ezna. \u017deny s podporou mu\u017e\u016f po\u017eadovaly na rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch demonstrac\u00edch volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a konec diskriminace v zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Rusk\u00e9 \u017eeny si MD\u017d poprv\u00e9 p\u0159ipomn\u011bly v roce <strong>1913<\/strong>. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce se po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b konaly v obdob\u00ed kolem <strong>8. b\u0159ezna<\/strong> r\u016fzn\u00e9 akce proti v\u00e1lce.<br \/> \u00a0<br \/> V \u00fanoru <strong>1917<\/strong> v Petrohrad\u011b vy\u0161ly \u017eeny do ulic pod heslem &#8222;chl\u00e9b a m\u00edr&#8220;. T\u00fdden pot\u00e9 byl rusk\u00fd car donucen abdikovat a Prozat\u00edmn\u00ed vl\u00e1da schv\u00e1lila i volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo \u017een. Demonstrace byla 23. \u00fanora, co\u017e p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na <strong>8. b\u0159ezna<\/strong> kalend\u00e1\u0159e gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho. T\u00edm se MD\u017d ust\u00e1lil na 8. b\u0159eznu.<br \/> \u00a0<br \/> OSN ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznala MD\u017d v roce <strong>1975<\/strong>. V d\u016fsledku toho jej n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ijaly mnoh\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, je\u017e o jeho existenci nem\u011bly d\u0159\u00edve tu\u0161en\u00ed.<br \/> \u00a0<br \/> Dnes si tento den p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed st\u00e1ty z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropy, USA, Austr\u00e1lie, v Rusku je dokonce dnem volna. Oslavy MD\u017d jsou spojeny zejm\u00e9na s kon\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek na t\u00e9ma postaven\u00ed \u017een ve spole\u010dnosti a v rozd\u00edln\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch.<br \/> \u00a0<br \/> MD\u017d je skute\u010dn\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm dnem, uzn\u00e1van\u00fdm v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta. Ukazuje na to, \u017ee rovnopr\u00e1vnost \u017een je st\u00e1le bohu\u017eel v nedohlednu. V\u0161imli jste si, jak bou\u0159liv\u00e9 byly letos demonstrace \u017een v Turecku? Faktick\u00fd \u00fatlak \u017een nen\u00ed v\u00fdsadou jen isl\u00e1msk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0do pr\u00e1v \u017een nach\u00e1z\u00edme i v evropsk\u00fdch, zejm\u00e9na siln\u011b katolick\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kde se nap\u0159. zakazuj\u00ed potraty. \u017deny jsou v\u0161ak po\u0161kozov\u00e1ny v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00edch, pokud se staraj\u00ed o nemocn\u00e9 d\u011bti, a jsou v trval\u00e9m strachu ze ztr\u00e1ty zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. U mnoh\u00fdch firem p\u0159ij\u00edt do jin\u00e9ho stavu znamen\u00e1 v podstat\u011b vyhazov \u2013 b\u011bhem kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 doby majitel ud\u011bl\u00e1 \u201ereorganizaci\u201c a m\u00edsto zru\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>\u0158e\u010di odp\u016frc\u016f MD\u017d, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z \u0159ad pravicov\u00fdch politik\u016f a r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017evan\u00edlk\u016f a novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch vrtichvost\u016f o tom, jak komunistick\u00fd re\u017eim degradoval tento den na pop\u00edjen\u00ed mu\u017e\u016f, zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00fd stav v\u011bc\u00ed \u2013 \u017ee se tehdy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u017eena o sv\u00e9 jistoty b\u00e1t nemusela.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dnes je d\u00edky historii na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den \u017een v \u010cR spojov\u00e1n s komunistick\u00fdm re\u017eimem. Historie tohoto sv\u00e1tku v\u0161ak sah\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[61,399,396,397,398],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1870"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1870"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1870\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}