{"id":1966,"date":"2012-11-20T18:10:08","date_gmt":"2012-11-20T17:10:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2012\/11\/20\/zprava-o-blokad-kuby-5\/"},"modified":"2012-11-20T18:10:08","modified_gmt":"2012-11-20T17:10:08","slug":"zprava-o-blokad-kuby-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2012\/11\/20\/zprava-o-blokad-kuby-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Zpr\u00e1va o blok\u00e1d\u011b Kuby (5)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"kuba\"Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1, obchodn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed blok\u00e1da Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u016f\u010di Kub\u011b za\u010dala b\u00fdt zav\u00e1d\u011bna od okam\u017eiku v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 revoluce v r. 1959; po cel\u00e9 tyto roky byla st\u00e1le v\u00edce institucionalizov\u00e1na a zdokonalov\u00e1na r\u016fzn\u00fdmi presidentsk\u00fdmi proklamacemi a pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi, kter\u00e9 z n\u00ed ud\u011blaly st\u00e1le tvrd\u0161\u00ed a v\u0161eobj\u00edmaj\u00edc\u00ed politiku.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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KAPITOLA IV:<\/strong> NEP\u0158\u00cdZNIV\u00c9 \u00da\u010cINKY BLOK\u00c1DY NA DAL\u0160\u00cd SEKTORY KUB\u00c1NSK\u00c9 EKONOMIKY<\/p>\n

Od dubna 2011 do b\u0159ezna 2012 utrp\u011bl stavebn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi dopady ztr\u00e1tu kolem 1 027 000 dolar\u016f. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 postavit 1 500 – 2 000 p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016f; nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 dokon\u010dit \u00fadr\u017ebov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na 14 000 p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016f nebo m\u00edsto toho n\u011bjak\u00fdch 9 000 p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016f renovovat. To je pro obyvatele Kuby hodn\u011b citliv\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost.  <\/p>\n

Kub\u011b je odp\u00edr\u00e1na mo\u017enost nakupovat zkladn\u00ed i pomocnou techniku k pr\u00e1ci na silnici jako v\u00fdrobny betonov\u00fdch a asfaltov\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a materi\u00e1ly k \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b a oprav\u00e1m silnic. Zem\u011b je tud\u00ed\u017e nucena toto z\u00edsk\u00e1vat ze vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch trh\u016f za mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny.  <\/p>\n

B\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed spole\u010dnost ESICUBA S.A, kter\u00e1 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed ochranu kub\u00e1nsk\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch aktiv, nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed omezov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obnovy poji\u0161\u0165ovac\u00ed ochrany se spole\u010dnostmi ze t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1jmy USA a\/nebo jsou na seznamu burz USA, hlavn\u011b na neworsk\u00e9 burze. Koncem roku 2011 Tato spole\u010dnost ztratila p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 263 943 000 000 dolar\u016f d\u00edky nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm akciov\u00fdm kurs\u016fm.  <\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed pro ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd a mechanick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, danou zna\u010dn\u00fdm objemem v\u00fdvozu a dovozu jeho obchodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed, je znemo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu na trh USA. B\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed dos\u00e1hly ztr\u00e1ty 102 500 978 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

The Grupo Industrial de Bienes de Consumo (GBC), kter\u00e1 krom jin\u00e9ho vyr\u00e1b\u00ed a prod\u00e1v\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, elektrop\u0159\u00edstroje, dom\u00e1c\u00ed pot\u0159eby, police do obchod\u016f, kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd a nemocni\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1bytek, \u017eelezn\u00e9 \u00fachyty pro stavebn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, plastov\u00e9 kontejnery, elektrick\u00e9 odpory, z\u00e1sobn\u00edky na kapaln\u00fd plyn, zaznamenala ztr\u00e1ty odhadnut\u00e9 na 15 846 000 dolar\u016f, sumu, je\u017e by sta\u010dila k n\u00e1kupu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a z\u00e1sob, pln\u011b pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch pot\u0159eby obyvatel.   <\/p>\n

The Grupo Industrial de la Siderurgia (ACINOX), kter\u00e1 krom jin\u00e9ho vyr\u00e1b\u00ed vroubkovan\u00e9 ty\u010de pro stavby, sv\u00e1\u0159ec\u00ed elektrody, sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 stavebn\u00ed pletivo, kabely a elektrick\u00e9 a telefonn\u00ed vodi\u010de, odhadla ztr\u00e1ty celkem  na 3 980 000 dolar\u016f.
 
The Basic Industry, kter\u00e1 se star\u00e1 o ekonomick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti pro zemi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9, v\u010detn\u011b v\u00fdroby a prodeje niklu, o ropn\u00fd a plyna\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl a o t\u011b\u017ebu i mimo nikl, zaznamenala ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b odhadnut\u00e9 na 101 253 942 dolar\u016f.  <\/p>\n

Niklov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl st\u00e1le zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty plynouc\u00ed z nemo\u017enosti vyv\u00e1\u017eet do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f produkty pln\u011b \u010di \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b spojen\u00e9 se zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho niklu, dokonce i kdy\u017e jsou zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny ve t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00edch. Tento pr\u016fmysl je tud\u00ed\u017e nucen\u00fd nad\u00e1le prod\u00e1vat sv\u00e9 produkty na vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 trhy pomoc\u00ed distribu\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee jsou v nich zahrnuti zprost\u0159edkovatel\u00e9, nav\u00edc k aplikaci rozd\u00edln\u00fdch slev podle cen Lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9 burzy kov\u016f, dan\u00fdch zahrnut\u00fdm politick\u00fdm rizikem. Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 \u0161koda byla odhadnuta na 80 343 980 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnosti CUBANIQUEL bylo odep\u0159eno pr\u00e1vo nakupovat n\u00e1hradn\u00ed d\u00edly a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f ke zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f u nikla\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u201eComandante Ernesto Che Guevara\u201c. Evropsk\u00fd dodavatel ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e9st operaci, proto\u017ee v\u00fdrobcem zbo\u017e\u00ed je Ameri\u010dan, a toho nelze opr\u00e1vnit k podnik\u00e1n\u00ed s Kubou. Ztr\u00e1ty byly odhadnut\u00e9 na 37 900 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Ropn\u00fd provoz (CUPET) je nad\u00e1le ter\u010dem n\u011bkter\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch vl\u00e1dou USA z zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed jej\u00edmu rozvoji, zabr\u00e1nit j\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edstupu k \u0159ezac\u00ed technice, ropn\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm a nutn\u00e9mu financov\u00e1n\u00ed rozvoje.   <\/p>\n

Bylo nutn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it vrtnou plo\u0161inu s pou\u017eit\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e deseti procent komponent\u016f z USA, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k pr\u016fzkumn\u00fdm operac\u00edm ve v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b, prot\u017ee v\u0161echny st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed plo\u0161iny na sv\u011bt\u011b maj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 procento americk\u00fdch komponent\u016f, jejich\u017e pou\u017eit\u00ed na Kub\u011b br\u00e1n\u00ed politika blok\u00e1dy.    <\/p>\n

V obdob\u00ed od b\u0159ezna 2011 do b\u0159ezna 2012 zaznamen\u00e1vala turistika obrovsk\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty n\u00e1sledkem ekonomick\u00e9, obchodn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed blok\u00e1dy, uvalen\u00e9 na ubu vl\u00e1dou USA v d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch oblastech se vztahem ke slu\u017eb\u00e1m, \u010dinnosti a z\u00e1zem\u00ed pro turistiku kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch. Tyto ztr\u00e1ty byly odhadnuty na 2 068 043 657 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 turistick\u00e9 agentury Cubatur a Viajes Cubanac\u00e1n m\u011bly v \u00famyslu zatraktivnit v\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b, k\u0159i\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed Karibikem; n\u011bjak\u00fdch 140 z\u00e1bavn\u00edch plavidel, operuj\u00edc\u00edch v t\u00e9to oblasti, se plavilo nedaleko Havany i dal\u0161\u00edch kub\u00e1nsk\u00fdch m\u011bst. Lodn\u00ed seskupen\u00ed z USA, ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 trhy, dycht\u00ed po vysl\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch z\u00e1bavn\u00edch lod\u00ed ke Kub\u011b, ale br\u00e1n\u00ed jim v tom blok\u00e1da. Kdyby tento z\u00e1kaz neexistoval, odhaduje se, \u017ee by ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem nav\u0161t\u00edvil kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstavy nejm\u00e9n\u011b jeden milion Ameri\u010dan\u016f z t\u011bch sedmi, kter\u00e9 si ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b kupuj\u00ed dovolenou na lod\u00edch v Karibiku.<\/p>\n

 7. b\u0159ezna 2012, OFAC poslala dopis americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Havana Ferry Partners, aby potvrdila, \u017ee odm\u00edt\u00e1 vydat licenci k provozov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvozu mezi Floridou a Havanou, s tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee to p\u0159ekra\u010duje r\u00e1mec sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politiky USA v\u016f\u010di Kub\u011b.  <\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b turistick\u00e9ho seskupen\u00ed GAVIOTA je odhadnuto, \u017ee kdyby neexistovala sou\u010dasn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed pro americk\u00e9 touristy k cest\u00e1m na Kubu, vezmeme-li v \u00favahu pr\u016fm\u011brnou v\u00fd\u0161i m\u00edry os\u00eddlen\u00ed na Kub\u011b ve v\u00fd\u0161i 83 procent, p\u0159\u00edjmy zem\u011b by celkem dos\u00e1hly 258 416 623 dolar\u016f, co\u017e by znamenalo mnohem p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj v sektoru.  <\/p>\n

Ani odv\u011btv\u00ed informac\u00ed a spoj\u016f nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm dopad\u016fm politiky USA neuniklo. Vzhledem k dominantn\u00edmu postaven\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed z USA v sektoru \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 techniky je odhadnuto, \u017ee nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 dopady na kub\u00e1nskou ekonomiku dosahuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 66 766 000 dolar\u016f, hlavn\u011b kv\u016fli nemo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu na tento trh pro dovoz p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed a techniky i pro v\u00fdvoz slu\u017eeb v\u010detn\u011b dodate\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f.   <\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost Telecomunicaciones de Cuba S.A., ETECSA, spole\u010dn\u00fd podnik, kter\u00fd je nad\u00e1le vystaven velk\u00fdm pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm s v\u00fdvozem techniky a n\u00e1kup materi\u00e1lu spjat\u00e9ho s informacemi a spoji, je jednou z organizac\u00ed, zakou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edch nejdrsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dopad blok\u00e1dy. Jen z tohoto d\u016fvodu zaznamenala ETECSA ztr\u00e1ty dosahuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159es 14 090 000 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed, nevypo\u010ditateln\u00e9, nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 dopady lze rozeznat na z\u00e1kazech n\u00e1kupu softwarov\u00fdch licenc\u00ed; odep\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtupu k internetov\u00fdm str\u00e1nk\u00e1m a technick\u00e9mu vybaven\u00ed jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bezplatn\u00fdch softwar\u016f PC Tools nebo Netbeans, a stejn\u011b tak znemo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti na obchodn\u00edch i jin\u00fdch akc\u00edch.    <\/p>\n

Kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed tak\u00e9 st\u00e1le zasa\u017eeno americkou blok\u00e1dou. Od kv\u011btna 2011 do dubna 2012 byly ztr\u00e1ty v sektoru odhadnuty na 269 125 427 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kub\u011b nen\u00ed dovoleno nakupovat pohonn\u00e9 hmoty, po\u017eivatiny ani spot\u0159ebn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed na trhu v USA, tak\u017ee se mus\u00ed uchylovat na trhy t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed p\u0159es zprost\u0159edkovatele, s dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fdm n\u00e1r\u016fstem cen za dopravu. Je odhadnuto, \u017ee ztr\u00e1ty na pohonn\u00fdch hmot\u00e1ch dos\u00e1hly p\u011bt milion\u016f dolar\u016f, proto\u017ee musely b\u00fdt nakupov\u00e1ny ve St\u0159edozem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148, navzdory faktu, \u017ee kub\u00e1nsk\u00fd st\u00e1t poskytuje p\u0159e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k \u010dinnosti americk\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch linek na ostrov\u011b, USA z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed neoblomn\u00e9 v odm\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed dovolit kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu letectvu l\u00e9tat p\u0159es \u00fazem\u00ed USA.  <\/p>\n

Doprava tak\u00e9 zaznamenala ztr\u00e1ty, a to ve v\u00fd\u0161i 182 187 853 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost Navegaci\u00f3n Caribe (NAVECARIBE) m\u00e1 celkem 90 plavidel um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch v hlavn\u00edch kub\u00e1nsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavech k poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch a p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edch slu\u017eeb. Kvalita t\u011bchto slu\u017eeb je nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b zasa\u017eena, proto\u017ee postr\u00e1daj\u00ed alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed a zdroje, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k dokon\u010den\u00ed oprav a term\u00edn\u016f \u00fadr\u017eby vzhledem k n\u00e1r\u016fstu v\u00fddaj\u016f za n\u00e1hradn\u00ed d\u00edly, agreg\u00e1ty a dal\u0161\u00ed vybaven\u00ed. Ztr\u00e1ty na dopravn\u00e9m jsou odhadov\u00e1ny na 250 000 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Od dubna 2011 do dubna Institut vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f zaznamenal ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 989 941 dolar\u016f d\u00edky n\u00e1klad\u016fm na dopravn\u00e9 a suroviny.   <\/p>\n

Kuba dosud nesm\u00ed dov\u00e1\u017eet hydrometeorologick\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ke studiu vodn\u00edho kolob\u011bhu, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u011bhu vody a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 prevence ob\u011bhu vody. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Ott Hydromet GMBH odm\u00edtla Kub\u011b prodat za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pot\u00e9, co obdr\u017eela dopis od ministerstva obchodu USA, uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee neud\u011bl\u00ed prodejn\u00ed licenci, proto\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je patentov\u00e1no v USA. Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b zas\u00e1hlo kub\u00e1nsk\u00fd program makrom\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kdy\u017e bylo nutn\u00e9 se porozhl\u00e9dnout po nov\u00e9m dodavateli. P\u0159\u00edchod zbo\u017e\u00ed byl odkl\u00e1d\u00e1n d\u00e9le ne\u017e \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, obdob\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bt m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, nutn\u00e1 k hydrologick\u00e9 prevenci a k lep\u0161mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f.   <\/p>\n

Mexick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Worthington de M\u00e9xico (WDM) nedok\u00e1zala prodat Kub\u011b elektromotory americk\u00e9 zna\u010dky US Motor, kter\u00e9 byly sp\u0159a\u017een\u00e9 s vodn\u00edmi \u010derpadly, je\u017e bylo nutno instalovat v \u010derpac\u00edch stanic\u00edch na staveni\u0161t\u00edch, proto\u017ee \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed st\u0159edsko spole\u010dnosti ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech zjistilo kone\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edsto ur\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdrobku. Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed zp\u016fsobilo pot\u00ed\u017ee s dod\u00e1vkou vody pro p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50 000 obyvatel.   <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1, obchodn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed blok\u00e1da Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u016f\u010di Kub\u011b za\u010dala b\u00fdt zav\u00e1d\u011bna od okam\u017eiku v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 revoluce v r. 1959;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":69,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[9],"tags":[70],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1966"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1966"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1966\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}