{"id":1996,"date":"2013-01-31T21:56:30","date_gmt":"2013-01-31T20:56:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2013\/01\/31\/zem-a-symboly-3\/"},"modified":"2013-01-31T21:56:30","modified_gmt":"2013-01-31T20:56:30","slug":"zem-a-symboly-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2013\/01\/31\/zem-a-symboly-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Zem\u011b a symboly (3)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"zeme-symboly\"V symbolick\u00fdch postav\u00e1ch \u2014 hrdinn\u00fdch nebo komick\u00fdch a n\u011bkdy i satirick\u00fdch \u2014 jsou \u010dasto zt\u011blesn\u011bny nejenom charaktery jednotlivc\u016f, ale i rysy n\u00e1rod\u016f, st\u00e1t\u016f  jej\u00edch politick\u00e9ho z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Tyto postavy vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed lid, spisovatel \u010di mal\u00ed\u0159. Stalo se u\u017e tradic\u00ed mnoha zem\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et sv\u00e9 typick\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed postavy. Jedn\u00edm z nich je Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"uncle-sam\"<\/strong>Chytr\u00fd str\u00fd\u010dek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kdo by neznal str\u00fd\u010dka Sama, \u010dipern\u00e9ho a obratn\u00e9ho d\u011bdka s pronikav\u00fdm pohledem, s \u0161edivou bradkou a vyholen\u00fdm horn\u00edm rtem? Dlouh\u00e1n m\u00e1 na sob\u011b plandav\u00fd frak a cylindr z dob francouzsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Ludv\u00edka Filipa a uzou\u010dk\u00e9 kalhoty. Cylindr, kalhoty a t\u011bsn\u00e1 vesta jsou obvykle pomalov\u00e1ny modr\u00fdmi hv\u011bzdami a \u010derven\u00fdmi pruhy z americk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed vlajky. Tak vytvo\u0159ila str\u00fd\u010dka Sama americk\u00e1 \u017eurnalistika u\u017e p\u0159ed 200 lety. Jeho postava je rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159evzata z folkl\u00f3ru.<\/p>\n

Ne\u017e v\u0161ak p\u0159i\u0161el na sv\u011bt, m\u011bla mlad\u00e1 americk\u00e1 republika jin\u00e9ho hrdinu.<\/p>\n

V letech v\u00e1lky za nez\u00e1vislost se t\u011bSil obrovsk\u00e9 popularit\u011b jist\u00fd bratr Jonathan, kter\u00e9ho zrodilo \u00fastn\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00ed. Gener\u00e1l Washington, prvn\u00ed president USA, m\u011bl pr\u00fd toti\u017e ve zvyku se o v\u0161em radit se sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edtelem Jonathanem, a ten byl vzorem pro symbol mlad\u00fdch americk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n

Jm\u00e9no Jonathan je v USA dosti roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno. Krom\u011b toho se tu projevila i z\u00e1liba v biblick\u00fdch symbolech. Biblick\u00fd Jonathan, nep\u0159emo\u017eiteln\u00fd vojev\u016fdce a mu\u017e s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm osudem, m\u011bl sympatii vlastenc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed h\u00e1jili americkou svobodu. P\u0159ezd\u00edvalo se jim ]o nathanov\u00e9. Nov\u00e1 Amerika v\u0161ak pot\u0159ebovala jin\u00e9ho hrdinu, podnikav\u00e9ho a v\u011bcn\u00e9ho a ten nemusel b\u00fdt sm\u011bl\u00fd a u\u0161lechtil\u00fd jako jeho p\u0159edch\u016fdce. A tak vzniklo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o mazan\u00e9m str\u00fd\u010dku Samovi, jen\u017e za druh\u00e9 v\u00e1lky s Angli\u00ed (1812\u20141814) \u0161patn\u011b z\u00e1soboval arm\u00e1du. V karikatur\u00e1ch z t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let 19. stalet\u00ed p\u0159edh\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00fd\u010dek Sam v cylindru a ve fraku na koni snadno presidenta USA gener\u00e1la Jacksona, s jeho mizern\u00fdm osl\u00edkem \u0161patn\u00fdch reforem. Na t\u00fdch\u017e karikatur\u00e1ch l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed str\u00fd\u010dka Sama \u0159editel americk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed banky.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 postava str\u00fd\u010dka Sama se m\u011bn\u00ed podle situace v zemi. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky mezi Severem a Jihem jej dokonce kresl\u00ed jako Lincolnova p\u0159\u00edtele a dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed mu jistou podobnost s t\u00edmto velk\u00fdm presidentem.<\/p>\n

Pro pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed karikaturisty je str\u00fd\u010dek Sam p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm podnikatel, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd magn\u00e1t, i kdy\u017e se \u010dasto i on p\u0159evl\u00e9k\u00e1 do kombin\u00e9zy americk\u00e9ho d\u011bln\u00edka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V symbolick\u00fdch postav\u00e1ch \u2014 hrdinn\u00fdch nebo komick\u00fdch a n\u011bkdy i satirick\u00fdch \u2014 jsou \u010dasto zt\u011blesn\u011bny nejenom charaktery jednotlivc\u016f, ale i<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1994,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[6],"tags":[34],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1996"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1996"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1996\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1994"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}