{"id":20,"date":"2007-10-26T15:39:15","date_gmt":"2007-10-26T13:39:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/10\/26\/nmecko-ve-strategickych-souvislostech-8\/"},"modified":"2007-10-26T15:39:15","modified_gmt":"2007-10-26T13:39:15","slug":"nmecko-ve-strategickych-souvislostech-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/10\/26\/nmecko-ve-strategickych-souvislostech-8\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u011aMECKO  VE STRATEGICK\u00ddCH SOUVISLOSTECH (8)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <strong><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-3\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/logo.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"logo\" title=\"logo\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" width=\"100\" height=\"65\" align=\"left\" \/>Rok 1955<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> <!--more--> <\/p>\n<p> SRN byla za\u010dlen\u011bna do americk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho bloku NATO. Stalo se tak v roce 10. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed por\u00e1\u017eky N\u011bmecka v druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00edm SRN do NATO byla spln\u011bna etapa neve\u0159ejn\u00e9 remilitarizace SRN. Za\u010d\u00ednala dal\u0161\u00ed, otev\u0159en\u00e1 politika vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed SRN.<br \/> Po nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed diplomatick\u00fdch styk\u016f mezi SSSR a SRN v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1955 se v\u00fdvoj ve vztaz\u00edch mezi \u010cSR a SRN a v n\u011bmeck\u00e9 ot\u00e1zce v\u016fbec vyv\u00edjel v ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm sm\u011bru. Ve SRN se posilovala politika militarismu. V roce 1958 Spolkov\u00fd sn\u011bm p\u0159ijal program sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Memorandum gener\u00e1l\u016f bundeswehru z roku 1960 takov\u00e9 z\u00e1m\u011bry je\u0161t\u011b zv\u00fdraz\u0148ovalo. <\/p>\n<p> Vl\u00e1da \u010cSR a dal\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1dy Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy, kter\u00e1 vznikla v roce 1955 jako obrann\u00e9 uskupen\u00ed, militaristick\u00e9 z\u00e1m\u011bry SRN energicky odm\u00edtaly. <\/p>\n<p> Od roku 1955 vl\u00e1da kancl\u00e9\u0159e Konr\u00e1da Adenauera (1949-1963) organizovala za pomoci USA a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed NATO nep\u0159\u00e1telskou \u010dinnost proti NDR. C\u00edlem bylo zvr\u00e1tit mocensk\u00e9 pom\u011bry v NDR. Berl\u00ednsk\u00e1 krize na podzim roku 1961 vyvolan\u00e1 zem\u011bmi NATO vystup\u0148ovala nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi USA a SSSR, mezi NATO a Var\u0161avskou smlouvou. Uveden\u00e1 n\u011bmeck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da spekulovala s t\u00edm, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt ke konfliktu mezi SSSR a USA. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 byla obrana st\u00e1tn\u00ed hranice NDR. Vl\u00e1da \u010cSR spole\u010dn\u011b s vl\u00e1dami Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy z\u00e1konn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed NDR podpo\u0159ily. Tento jednotn\u00fd postup byl \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Sov\u011btsko \u2013 americk\u00fd dialog<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> Prob\u00edhal po berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 krizi. Jeho v\u00fdsledek se prom\u00edtl do spole\u010dn\u00fdch dokument\u016f. Hlavn\u00ed bylo pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee mezi USA a SSSR, ani mezi NATO a Var\u0161avskou smlouvou nesm\u00ed doj\u00edt k ozbrojen\u00e9mu konfliktu. Jadern\u00e9mu nebo konve\u010dn\u00edmu. Tehdej\u0161\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fd kancl\u00e9\u0159 K.  Adenauer  toto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed ozna\u010dil za \u201eshnil\u00fd kompromis\u201c. <\/p>\n<p> Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se otv\u00edraly n\u011bkter\u00e9 nov\u00e9 aspekty ve vztaz\u00edch se SRN. N\u00e1vrhy SSSR, \u010cSR a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed, adresovan\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b SRN i NDR na uzav\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00e9 smlouvy byly ze strany SRN, ale i USA a zem\u00ed NATO odm\u00edt\u00e1ny. <\/p>\n<p> Spolkov\u00fd sn\u011bm 14. \u010dervna 1961 se vyj\u00e1d\u0159il pro p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed realizaci vztah\u016f s \u010ceskoslovenskem a dal\u0161\u00edmi st\u00e1ty Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy. <\/p>\n<p> Nov\u00fd kancl\u00e9\u0159 SRN Ludwig Eduard (1963-1966) ve vl\u00e1dn\u00edm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed 28. \u0159\u00edjna 1963 ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee jeho vl\u00e1da  \u201eje ochotna v r\u00e1mci sv\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159ovat hospod\u00e1\u0159skou v\u00fdm\u011bnu\u201c s v\u00fdchodn\u00edmi zem\u011bmi.  <\/p>\n<p> Memorandum p\u0159edsedy SPD W. Brandta o vztaz\u00edch k v\u00fdchodoevropsk\u00fdm zem\u00edm bylo v srpnu 1964 zasl\u00e1no do USA ke konzultac\u00edm. Vyjad\u0159ovalo pru\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed koncepci v\u00fdchodn\u00ed politiky v pojet\u00ed SPD. Vych\u00e1zelo tak\u00e9 z tehdej\u0161\u00edch rozpor\u016f mezi SSSR a \u010cLR. Pro \u010ceskoslovensko i dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b se doporu\u010dovala \u00fa\u010dast na spole\u010dn\u00fdch hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch, dopravn\u00edch a jin\u00fdch celoevropsk\u00fdch projektech. \u201eV\u00edce kontakt\u016f a spolupr\u00e1ce na z\u00e1klad\u011b realistick\u00fdch z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f \u2026\u201c <\/p>\n<p> Vl\u00e1da \u010cSSR tyto ot\u00e1zky pe\u010dliv\u011b analyzovala a vyvozovala z nich sv\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry, \u010di postoje a n\u00e1m\u011bty ve vztaz\u00edch ke SRN. Dne 24. \u00fanora 1965 prezident \u010cSSR Anton\u00edn Novotn\u00fd formuloval toto stanovisko ke SRN. V souvislosti s v\u00fdvojem v N\u011bmecku a vytvo\u0159en\u00edm dvou suver\u00e9nn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f, z nich\u017e s N\u011bmeckou demokratickou republikou m\u00e1me dobr\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 styky a vz\u00e1jemn\u011b v\u00fdhodnou spolupr\u00e1ci, chceme, aby i styky s ob\u010dany N\u011bmeck\u00e9 spolkov\u00e9 republiky byly p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 a op\u00edraly se o z\u00e1sady m\u00edrov\u00e9ho sou\u017eit\u00ed.\u201c <\/p>\n<p> V\u00fdvoj ve vztaz\u00edch mezi \u010ceskoslovenskem a SRN nebyl p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00fd. Politika SRN proch\u00e1zela zm\u011bnami, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavovaly v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. V polovin\u011b 60. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed to bylo \u00fasil\u00ed vl\u00e1dy SRN z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstupy k jadern\u00fdm zbran\u00edm. <\/p>\n<p> \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v \u010dervenci 1965 reagovala.  \u201eSpat\u0159ujeme ve vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1padon\u011bmeck\u00fdch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f neoby\u010dejn\u011b p\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fkaz pro sv\u00e9 opakovan\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1da SRN jde k dovr\u0161en\u00ed cel\u00e9 soustavy militaristick\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed, v nich\u017e z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed atomov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed m\u00e1 b\u00fdt posledn\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nkem\u2026\u201c <\/p>\n<p> Doc. PhDr. Josef Grou\u0161l, CSc. <\/p>\n<p> Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rok 1955<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[9],"tags":[16],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}