{"id":206,"date":"2021-04-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2006\/08\/31\/afghanistan-peklo-paradox-x\/"},"modified":"2021-03-16T22:41:25","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T21:41:25","slug":"afghanistan-peklo-paradox-x","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2021\/04\/03\/afghanistan-peklo-paradox-x\/","title":{"rendered":"Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n – peklo paradox\u016f (X)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n je zem\u00ed, o kter\u00e9 sly\u0161\u00edme t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 denn\u011b ji\u017e od konce 70. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Revoluce, 10 let p\u016fsoben\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00fdch vojsk, vl\u00e1da Talib\u00e1nu, jeho svr\u017een\u00ed, americk\u00e1 okupace. Kde jsou ko\u0159eny tohoto v\u00fdvoje?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"afganistan\"<\/p>\n

Isl\u00e1m\u0161t\u00ed fundamentalist\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u011b v t\u00e9m\u017ee \u010dase, kdy vznikaly revolu\u010dn\u00ed organizace „kolem“ LDSA, zalo\u017eili sv\u00e9 struktury tak\u00e9 isl\u00e1m\u0161t\u00ed fundamentalist\u00e9.<\/p>\n

(V posledn\u00edch letech se toto slovn\u00ed spojen\u00ed \u010dasto u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, ani\u017e by si mnoz\u00ed z t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed je u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, byli v\u011bdomi jeho obsahu. N\u00e1zev vych\u00e1z\u00ed z latinsk\u00e9ho fundament\u016fm, tj. z\u00e1klad, a ozna\u010duj e hnut\u00ed nejkonzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch isl\u00e1msk\u00fdch sil, kter\u00e9 nem\u00edn\u00ed vz\u00edt na v\u011bdomi posuny ve sv\u011bt\u011b. \u010cas a zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fd historick\u00fd \u010dasoprostor jako by le\u017eely mimo jejich v\u011bdom\u00ed.)<\/p>\n

C\u00edlem fundamentalist\u016f, jak ho formulovali v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu (ov\u0161em tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed i pro fundamentalistick\u00e1 hnuti v \u00cdr\u00e1nu, \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nu, P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, Ir\u00e1ku a v dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta), je o\u010distit isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed od pozdn\u00edch n\u00e1nos\u016f a vliv\u016f.<\/p>\n

Fundamentalist\u00e9 v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu cht\u011bli vytvo\u0159it teokratick\u00fd isl\u00e1msk\u00fd st\u00e1t. A nutno \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee rozlo\u017een\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddn\u00edch sil a stav spole\u010densk\u00e9ho byt\u00ed i v\u011bdom\u00ed byl mnohem p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00edl\u016fm fundamentalist\u016f ne\u017e c\u00edl\u016fm LDSA a moskevsk\u00e9ho veden\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A tak, kdy\u017e roku 1969 vznik\u00e1 ultrapravicov\u00e1 organizace Musulmansk\u00e1 ml\u00e1de\u017e, nach\u00e1z\u00ed podporu v inteligenci, kter\u00e1 je sv\u00e1z\u00e1na s vesnic\u00ed, se syst\u00e9mem afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho isl\u00e1mu. Od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku m\u00e1 tato organizace bl\u00edzko ke kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdm speci\u00e1ln\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m. Sna\u017e\u00ed se o rozkol v LDSA a dal\u0161\u00edch pokrokov\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k tomu v\u0161echny prost\u0159edky, nevyj\u00edmaje vra\u017edy, loupen\u00ed, mu\u010den\u00ed. Pozad\u00ed politiky v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, v n\u011bm\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1 i sjednocen\u00ed sil LDSA, je pon\u011bkud jin\u00e9, na Evropana drsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l zmizel, a\u0165 \u017eije republika!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1l M. D\u00e1\u00fad, \u010dlen kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 rodiny, autoritativn\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 osobnost, se postavil 17. \u010dervna 1973 do \u010dela protimonarchistick\u00e9ho p\u0159evratu. Toho dne odstoupil posledn\u00ed afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fd kr\u00e1l Z\u00e1hir. Vl\u00e1dl sice dlouho, v t\u0159iasedmdes\u00e1t\u00e9m form\u00e1ln\u011b u\u017e \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fd rok, ale mnoho toho nenavl\u00e1dl. Z\u00e1hir se dostal na tr\u016fn v roce 1933 pot\u00e9, co jeho otce, kr\u00e1le N\u00e1dira, zavra\u017edili atent\u00e1tn\u00edci pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed k organizaci Afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e1 ml\u00e1de\u017e.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mlad\u00fd na vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podle afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fdch p\u0159edstav byl princ p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ml\u00e1d, ne\u017e aby mohl vl\u00e1dnout. A tak se moci ujali t\u0159i str\u00fd\u010dkov\u00e9 z otcovy strany a vytvo\u0159ili cosi, co bychom snad mohli nazvat regentskou radou. Ov\u0161em jestli\u017ee regentsk\u00e1 rada v evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dala alespo\u0148 teoreticky jistou odbornost v z\u00e1le\u017eitostech pr\u00e1vn\u00edch, st\u00e1topr\u00e1vn\u00edch, spr\u00e1vn\u00edch, vojensk\u00fdch a diplomatick\u00fdch, pak v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu sta\u010dilo „str\u00fd\u010dkovstv\u00ed“. Ostatn\u011b to dob\u0159e zn\u00e1me i z domova. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se to dnes v\u00edce ne\u017e kdykoliv jindy hem\u017e\u00ed na vysok\u00fdch postech syn\u00e1\u010dky, dcerkami, bratr\u00e1nky, str\u00fdci a tetami, nemaj\u00edc\u00edmi \u010dasto jinou kvalifikaci ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edbuzensk\u00fd vztah k mocn\u00e9mu str\u00fd\u010dkovi \u010di tat\u00ednkovi.<\/p>\n

Str\u00fd\u010dkov\u00e9 Z\u00e1hira vl\u00e1dli celkem dvacet let a vytvo\u0159ili si p\u0159edpoklady, \u017ee neskon\u010d\u00ed v chudobinci. Pak se kone\u010dn\u011b dostalo i na Z\u00e1hira. Dvacet let mu bylo souzeno h\u00fd\u010dkat muslimsk\u00e9 duchovn\u00ed, bohat\u00e9 obchodn\u00edky, ch\u00e1ny…<\/p>\n

Nevd\u011bk v\u0161ak sv\u011btem vl\u00e1dne a i Z\u00e1hir p\u0159i\u0161el o tr\u016fn. A to za pomoci bratr\u00e1nka, prince a gener\u00e1la M.D\u00e1\u00fada. Poveden\u00fd p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd zru\u0161il monarchii, prohl\u00e1sil Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n republikou a nezapomn\u011bl – pro samou l\u00e1sku k vlasti – ani na sebe. Jmenoval se prezidentem. Kr\u00e1l si zabalil nejnutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci a n\u011bco pen\u011bz, a odjel do Francie, kde \u0161\u0165astn\u011b p\u0159e\u017eil ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lku a v\u0161echny ot\u0159esy, jimi\u017e Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n proch\u00e1zel.
\nV jeho p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se op\u011btovn\u011b uplatnila nerovnice, kter\u00e1 prav\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm chud\u0161\u00ed je zem\u011b, t\u00edm bohat\u0161\u00ed jsou tajn\u00e1 konta jej\u00edch mocn\u00fdch v zahrani\u010dn\u00edch bank\u00e1ch; a Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n je velmi chud\u00e1 zem\u011b…<\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b<\/em><\/p>\n

Z\u00a0knihy: \u0158ez\u00e1\u010d, T.: Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n – peklo paradox\u016f. Univerze, Praha, 1993<\/em><\/p>\n

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Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n je zem\u00ed, o kter\u00e9 sly\u0161\u00edme t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 denn\u011b ji\u017e od konce 70. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Revoluce, 10 let p\u016fsoben\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00fdch<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8,9],"tags":[54],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=206"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3266,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206\/revisions\/3266"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}