{"id":2086,"date":"2014-06-07T07:27:54","date_gmt":"2014-06-07T05:27:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2014\/06\/07\/myty-o-hrzach-sovtske-okupace-nmecka\/"},"modified":"2014-06-07T07:27:54","modified_gmt":"2014-06-07T05:27:54","slug":"myty-o-hrzach-sovtske-okupace-nmecka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2014\/06\/07\/myty-o-hrzach-sovtske-okupace-nmecka\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fdty o hr\u016fz\u00e1ch sov\u011btsk\u00e9 okupace N\u011bmecka"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"poprava\"Posledn\u00ed hlava st\u00e1tu a vrchn\u00ed velitel ozbrojen\u00fdch sil T\u0159et\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e velkoadmir\u00e1l Karl D\u00f6nitz str\u00e1vil v t\u00e9to funkci m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jeden m\u011bs\u00edc. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, b\u011bhem jeho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed se poda\u0159ilo vytvo\u0159it mnoho m\u00fdt\u016f o sov\u011btsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1c\u00edch. Jedn\u00edm z nich je, \u017ee se sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci chovali v N\u011bmecku stejn\u011b, jako nacist\u00e9 v SSSR.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Bylo na co navazovat \u2013 N\u011bmce u\u017e p\u0159edem d\u011bsila „divokost“ asijsk\u00fdch hord, je\u017e se val\u00ed z V\u00fdchodu, jak o tom vytrvale m\u011b\u0161\u0165\u00e1ky p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dovala Goebbelsovsk\u00e1 propaganda.<\/p>\n

Tento m\u00fdtus p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 po desetilet\u00ed a je na Z\u00e1pad\u011b st\u00e1le znovu a znovu o\u017eivov\u00e1n. Publicist\u00e9 a samozvan\u00ed historikov\u00e9 se p\u0159edh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed v l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed hr\u016fz, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bli sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci v N\u011bmecku. N\u011bkter\u00e9 politick\u00e9 s\u00edly pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, aby se star\u00fd m\u00fdtus o\u017eivoval a neupadl do zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. A tak se st\u00e1le vytahuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky n\u011bmeck\u00fdch \u017een, je\u017e p\u0159e\u017eili zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed voj\u00e1ky Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee takov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady nebyly, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159\u00edpady vra\u017ed, loupe\u017e\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch exces\u016f na stran\u011b v\u00edt\u011bz\u016f. Jen\u017ee nikdy nedos\u00e1hly masov\u00e9ho rozsahu. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se vzdali angloamerick\u00fdm vojsk\u016fm a pot\u00e9 p\u0159e\u0161li pod sov\u011btskou okupa\u010dn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu p\u0159iznali, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed z V\u00fdchodu se chovali omnoho l\u00e9pe.<\/p>\n

Ve pam\u011btech australsk\u00e9ho v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho dopisovatele Osmara White „Cesta dobyvatel\u016f“ (Osmar Egmont Dorkin White: Conquerors\u00b4 Road.), je mo\u017en\u00e9 si p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst o mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed a loupe\u017e\u00ed sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch americk\u00fdmi a anglick\u00fdmi voj\u00e1ky: \u201eD\u00e1vno p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e Spojenci do\u0161li do koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f, ve kter\u00fdch se Sonderkommanda specializovala na vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017did\u016f a Slovan\u016f, a ne\u017e se sv\u011bt dozv\u011bd\u011bl, co znamen\u00e1 Hitlerovo „kone\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed“, voj\u00e1ci, v\u00edt\u011bz\u00edc\u00ed nad N\u011bmci, za\u010dali p\u0159et\u00e9kat hn\u011bvem a pomstou.<\/p>\n

Z radiov\u00e9ho provol\u00e1n\u00ed Eisenhowera „P\u0159i\u0161li jsme zv\u00edt\u011bzit!“ vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee velitel\u00e9 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo zabrat jak\u00e9koli vhodn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed ve zch\u00e1tral\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Sta\u0159\u00ed, nemocn\u00ed i d\u011bti, byli \u010dasto vyhn\u00e1ni do ruin, aby se postarali samy o sebe. „Jedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak nau\u010dit Krauts (pohrdav\u00e1 p\u0159ezd\u00edvka N\u011bmc\u016f, doslova „poj\u00edda\u010di kapusty\u201c, analogie rusk\u00e9ho „Fritz“) tomu, \u017ee ve v\u00e1lce nen\u00ed nic dobr\u00e9ho, je zach\u00e1zet s nimi stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jako oni jednali s ostatn\u00edmi.“<\/p>\n

Sly\u0161el jsem tento slogan neust\u00e1le. V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed znamenalo pr\u00e1vo na trofeje. V\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9 brali nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm v\u0161echno, co se jim l\u00edbilo: chlast, doutn\u00edky, fotoapar\u00e1ty, dalekohledy, pistole, brokovnice, dekora\u010dn\u00ed me\u010de a d\u00fdky, st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 \u0161perky, keramiku, ko\u017ee\u0161inu. Tento druh loupe\u017e\u00ed naz\u00fdvali „osvobozen\u00ed“ nebo „bran\u00ed suven\u00fdr\u016f“.<\/p>\n

Jakmile se boj p\u0159esunul na n\u011bmeckou p\u016fdu, zv\u00fd\u0161ilo se mno\u017estv\u00ed zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00fdch \u017een voj\u00e1ky prvn\u00edho a druh\u00e9ho sledu. Po\u010det t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f z\u00e1visel na postoji vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, pokud byli pachatel\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bni, byli postaveni p\u0159ed soud a tak\u00e9 potrest\u00e1ni. Pr\u00e1vn\u00edci fakta ukr\u00fdvali, ale uznali, \u017ee za krut\u00e9 a perverzn\u00ed sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed akty s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi \u017eenami byli voj\u00e1ci popraveni (ov\u0161em zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy \u0161lo o \u010dernochy). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v\u011bd\u011bl jsem, \u017ee mnoho \u017een bylo zn\u00e1siln\u011bno b\u00edl\u00fdmi Ameri\u010dany. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 akce proti pachatel\u016fm se nekonaly.<\/p>\n

Rusov\u00e9 ni\u010dili, loupili a zn\u00e1sil\u0148ovali stejn\u011b jako N\u011bmci (podle vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed polsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f), d\u011blali to p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi lety v Polsku a Rusku … Z\u00e1hadn\u00ed lid\u00e9 tito Rusov\u00e9! Zlo\u010din \u2013 a trest. Kradou – a naprav\u00ed to potravinov\u00fdmi dary. Divok\u00e9 loupe\u017ee ve zni\u010den\u00fdch m\u011bstech – a po n\u011bkolika dnech se v\u0161e sna\u017e\u00ed napravit … Neexistoval \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd teror v Praze a ani v dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech \u010cech nebyl pozorov\u00e1n. Rusov\u00e9 – drsn\u00ed v\u016f\u010di nacist\u016fm a kolaborant\u016fm, ale \u010dlov\u011bk s \u010dist\u00fdm sv\u011bdom\u00edm se nem\u011bl \u010deho b\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Jedna \u017eena, kter\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bla mnoho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f o krutostech Rus\u016f, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch vst\u00e1valy vlasy na hlav\u011b, byla nakonec nucena p\u0159iznat, \u017ee jedin\u00e9, co vid\u011bla na vlastn\u00ed o\u010di, bylo, jak opil\u00ed ru\u0161t\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edci st\u0159\u00edleli do vzduchu, nebo do lahv\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

Faktem je, \u017ee k\u00e1ze\u0148 byla v Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b vy\u017eadov\u00e1na i na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Podle statistik bylo za zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed, vra\u017edy a plen\u011bn\u00ed civilist\u016f sov\u011btsk\u00fdmi vojensk\u00fdmi tribun\u00e1ly odsouzeno 4148 voj\u00e1k\u016f. \u010casto v\u0161ak byly tresty vykon\u00e1ny veliteli bez rozsudku soudu.<\/p>\n

V roce 1967 vy\u0161la v Z\u00e1padn\u00edm N\u011bmecku kniha historika Marlis G. Steinerta „23 dn\u016f D\u00f6nitzovy vl\u00e1dy. Agonie T\u0159et\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.“ (Die 23 Tage der Regierung D\u00f6nitz. Die Agonie des Dritten Reiches). Ve sv\u00e9 objektivn\u00edm historick\u00e9m b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, autor popisuje n\u00e1ladu n\u011bmeck\u00e9 elity ve vztahu k sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu voj\u00e1ku – v\u00edt\u011bzi: „Hr\u016fza a strach z Rus\u016f byla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti nebylo chov\u00e1n\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00fdch vojsk „p\u0159irozenou v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed pro zv\u011brstva asijsk\u00fdch hord, a odpov\u011bd\u00ed na roky nelidsk\u00e9ho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed N\u011bmc\u016f s Rusy“. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b to nic nem\u011bn\u00ed na skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee ve v\u0161ech sv\u00fdch pl\u00e1nech D\u00f6nitz vyu\u017e\u00edval tuto psych\u00f3zu strachu.“<\/p>\n

Stanovisk\u016fm profesion\u00e1ln\u00edho historika odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed vzpom\u00ednky p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f bitev druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u011bmeck\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f. Autor sborn\u00edku rozhovor\u016f s veter\u00e1ny, \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky Velk\u00e9 vlasteneck\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, Art\u011bm Drabkin zve\u0159ejnil rozhovor s jedn\u00edm z veter\u00e1n\u016f tankov\u00fdch vojsk T\u0159et\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, Ludwiga Bauera.<\/p>\n

„Ot\u00e1zka: Jak jste reagoval na kapitulaci, jako na por\u00e1\u017eku, nebo jako na osvobozen\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Odpov\u011b\u010f: \u201eNe, ne, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, jako na por\u00e1\u017eku. Byl to jeden z nejv\u00edce \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f v \u017eivot\u011b. Bylo to tak nespravedliv\u00e9, moje sympatie k Ameri\u010dan\u016fm, kdybych n\u011bjak\u00e9 m\u011bl, zcela zmizely. A\u010dkoli se k n\u00e1m Rusov\u00e9 nechovali dob\u0159e, i kdy\u017e se Rusov\u00e9 \u0161patn\u011b zach\u00e1zeli s n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi \u017eenami, j\u00e1 hlavn\u011b nen\u00e1vid\u00edm Ameri\u010dany. Rusy ne, ale nesn\u00e1\u0161\u00edm hlavn\u011b Ameri\u010dany.<\/p>\n

Rusov\u00e9 prost\u011b \u0159ekli – te\u010f to bude tak. Na toto t\u00e9ma existuje anekdota: dva ryb\u00e1\u0159i, Rus a Ameri\u010dan, chytaj\u00ed ryby. Rus ulovil rybu, zabil ji a sn\u011bdl. Ameri\u010dan chytil rybu, pustil ji zp\u011bt do \u0159eky, ale pak ji znovu chytil a znovu pustil. A tak j\u00ed mu\u010dil, dokud ryba nezem\u0159ela. A tak to bylo i u n\u00e1s. Je o tom je\u0161t\u011b spousta vtip\u016f, ale je to docela v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9. A proto j\u00e1 tak zu\u0159iv\u011b nen\u00e1vid\u00edm Ameri\u010dany. „<\/p>\n

Z rusk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f – mt-<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Posledn\u00ed hlava st\u00e1tu a vrchn\u00ed velitel ozbrojen\u00fdch sil T\u0159et\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e velkoadmir\u00e1l Karl D\u00f6nitz str\u00e1vil v t\u00e9to funkci m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jeden<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1243,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}