{"id":2359,"date":"2016-08-03T15:52:40","date_gmt":"2016-08-03T13:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2016\/08\/03\/konec-ponorky-orel\/"},"modified":"2016-08-03T15:52:40","modified_gmt":"2016-08-03T13:52:40","slug":"konec-ponorky-orel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2016\/08\/03\/konec-ponorky-orel\/","title":{"rendered":"Konec ponorky Orel"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"u-boot\"Zept\u00e1te-li se snad kter\u00e9hokoliv polsk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka na ponorku Orel<\/em>, ur\u010dit\u011b v\u00e1m pov\u00ed alespo\u0148 tohle:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Pat\u0159ila t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed druhou sv. v\u00e1lkou k nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edm plavidl\u016fm polsk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho lo\u010fstva. Doplula z Gdyn\u011b a\u017e do New Yorku, vydr\u017eela na mo\u0159i pln\u00e9 t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce, m\u011bla na palub\u011b 60 mu\u017e\u016f. Necht\u011bla nikdy kapitulovat, a kdy\u017e ji\u017e nacist\u00e9 ovl\u00e1dli polsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstavy, zam\u00ed\u0159il Orel<\/em> k estonsk\u00fdm b\u0159eh\u016fm, aby si tam doplnil palivo a provedl nutn\u00e9 opravy. V estonsk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstavu v\u0161ak byl internov\u00e1n. Pos\u00e1dka si pak vymohla odplut\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm a zam\u00ed\u0159ila na z\u00e1pad. Cht\u011bla pokra\u010dovat d\u00e1l v boji. Za dramatick\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed se dostala k britsk\u00fdm b\u0159eh\u016fm. Unikla pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed letadel a Britov\u00e9 se nad n\u00ed po del\u0161\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed smilovali.<\/p>\n

Orel<\/em> byl za\u0159azen do britsk\u00e9ho v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho lo\u010fstva a za\u010dal bojovat. Potopil n\u011bkolik n\u011bmeck\u00fdch lod\u00ed, z\u00edsk\u00e1val sl\u00e1vu, ale jednoho dne za z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed zmizel. Nevyslal jedinou zpr\u00e1vu. Dodnes pr\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed n\u011bkde pobl\u00ed\u017e Helgolandu asi v hloubce 250 metr\u016f a ostatky v\u0161ech \u0161edes\u00e1ti mu\u017e\u016f jsou st\u00e1le na jeho palub\u011b. Jedno je v\u0161ak jist\u00e9 – Orla nepotopili nacist\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee snad jedna d\u00e1nsk\u00e1 lo\u010f… musel to b\u00fdt tragick\u00fd omyl.<\/p>\n

Jen jedin\u00e1 v\u011bc je v tomto l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed nep\u0159esn\u00e1. Z p\u016fvodn\u00ed pos\u00e1dky Orla p\u0159e\u017eil v\u00e1lku jen jeden \u010dlov\u011bk – kapit\u00e1n polsk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho lo\u010fstva Przondak s dlouh\u00fdmi b\u00edl\u00fdmi vlasy, a d\u00fdmkou. V\u017edy se hrd\u011b hl\u00e1sil k tomu, \u017ee b\u00fdval velitelem jeho torp\u00e9dov\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed. Zbyla mu na n\u011bj jen jedin\u00e1 pam\u00e1tka – pr\u00e1v\u011b ony b\u00edl\u00e9 vlasy. Takov\u00e9 stopy dok\u00e1\u017ee zanechat 1200 hloubkov\u00fdch pum, kter\u00e9 byly z nacistick\u00fdch lod\u00ed a letadel na Orla svr\u017eeny.<\/p>\n

Orel se proslavil bojovou \u010dinnost\u00ed, z\u00edskal si \u00factu britsk\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f a alespo\u0148 jednu jeho velkou akci se slu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipomenout.<\/p>\n

Bylo to na ja\u0159e v onom t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9m \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00e9m roce. Kapit\u00e1n Orla Grudinski dostal od britsk\u00e9ho velen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz, aby vyplul na hl\u00eddkovou plavbu a pohyboval se v bl\u00edzkosti komunika\u010dn\u00edch tras nacistick\u00fdch n\u00e1kladn\u00edch plavidel.<\/p>\n

Bylo to snad t\u0159et\u00ed den plavby. Ponorka pluje v mal\u00e9 hloubce a kapit\u00e1n n\u00e1hle zahl\u00e9dne periskopem mohutnou obchodn\u00ed lo\u010f. D\u00e1v\u00e1 povel k p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, aby ji mohl p\u0159esn\u011b identifikovat. Te\u010f u\u017e lze p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst i n\u00e1pis na p\u0159\u00eddi \u2014 Rio de Janeiro. Lo\u010f m\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b 45 000 BRT. Orel m\u00e1 na palub\u011b album v\u0161ech v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch lod\u00ed. Rio de Janeiro m\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159ece brazilsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Ale kapit\u00e1n si vzpom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee lo\u010f stejn\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu m\u00e1 i n\u011bmeck\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed lo\u010fstvo. Periskopem nen\u00ed vid\u011bt na palub\u011b jedin\u00fd pohyb. A lo\u010f nav\u00edc pluje bez vlajky. Velitel Orla na\u0159izuje telegrafistovi, aby se spojil s podez\u0159elou lod\u00ed a zjistil jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost. Telegrafista n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t opakuje v\u00fdzvu, ale Rio de Janeiro neodpov\u00edd\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va z Orla m\u00e1 tedy p\u0159ikazovac\u00ed t\u00f3n: Vy\u0161lete \u010dlun s mu\u017ei a dokumenty!<\/p>\n

Op\u011bt nic. Orel vyplul na hladinu a poru\u010d\u00edk Piasecki jde k t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9mu kulometu ve v\u011b\u017ei. Ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed ho k lodi a vyst\u0159el\u00ed asi pades\u00e1t v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00fdch ran. Na palub\u011b Rio de Janeira se objevili dva mu\u017ei, sestupuj\u00ed do \u010dlunu a pluj\u00ed k ponorce. Kapit\u00e1novi Grudinsk\u00e9mu nemohou na prvn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky p\u0159esn\u011b odpov\u011bd\u011bt, pr\u00fd nerozum\u011bj\u00ed… a dokumenty si zapomn\u011bli …<\/p>\n

Pono\u0159it! na\u0159izuje kapit\u00e1n. Je si jist, \u017ee jde o n\u011bmeckou lo\u010f, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017e\u00ed z\u00edskat \u010das, ne\u017e p\u0159ijde pomoc.<\/p>\n

Przondak je se sv\u00fdmi osmn\u00e1cti mu\u017ei v torp\u00e9dov\u00e9m odd\u011blen\u00ed. Zat\u00edm maj\u00ed v\u0161ech dvacet torp\u00e9d. \u201eP\u0159ipravit se k \u00fatoku … prvn\u00ed torp\u00e9do… p\u0159ipravit odp\u00e1len\u00ed… pal!\u201c\u00a0<\/em> Velitel torp\u00e9dov\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed stiskl stopky. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 sekunda se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u011b\u010dnost\u00ed. Pades\u00e1t sekund … st\u00e1le nic … sedmdes\u00e1t… u\u017e to m\u011blo b\u00fdt… osmdes\u00e1t. Ohromn\u00e1 exploze rozkym\u00e1c\u00ed i Orla. Automaty vyp\u00ednaj\u00ed v\u0161echna sv\u011btla. Kapit\u00e1n se pak spojuje se v\u0161emi od\u011blen\u00edmi. Kdo m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem, a\u0165 se jde pod\u00edvat k periskopu. P\u0159i\u0161la \u0159ada i na Przondaka. V z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9m k\u0159\u00ed\u017ei optiky vid\u00ed, jak se Rio de Janeiro zvolna nakl\u00e1n\u00ed na bok. Kolem pluj\u00ed z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 \u010dluny a lid\u00e9 sk\u00e1\u010d\u00ed i p\u0159es palubu. Je to d\u011bsiv\u00fd pohled, mo\u0159e je studen\u00e9. \u010cekaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b t\u0159icet minut, tak se m\u00e1 podle p\u0159edpis\u016f, aby se trose\u010dn\u00edci sta\u010dili vzd\u00e1lit od vraku, ne\u017e p\u0159ijde r\u00e1na z milosti. A pak Orel vypou\u0161t\u00ed druh\u00e9 torp\u00e9do … Exploduje za \u010dty\u0159iapades\u00e1t vte\u0159in. Rio de Janeiro miz\u00ed ve vln\u00e1ch a v ot\u00e1\u010dej\u00edc\u00edm se periskopu vid\u00ed kapit\u00e1n Orla snad osm set nacistick\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f. Takov\u00fd byl skute\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1klad jedn\u00e9 z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch n\u011bmeck\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch lod\u00ed.<\/p>\n

O n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f pozd\u011bji vyv\u00e1zl Orel jen se \u0161t\u011bst\u00edm z prek\u00e9rn\u00ed situace. P\u0159i plavb\u011b sm\u011brem k Narviku uvid\u011bl kapit\u00e1n periskopem n\u00e1kladn\u00ed n\u011bmeckou lo\u010f. M\u011bla 18 000 BRT. Rozhodl se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit a za\u00fato\u010dit. N\u00e1hle se v\u0161ak objevila nacistick\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 plavidla. Mo\u0159e bylo ten den klidn\u00e9, bez v\u011btru. Orel sestoupil a\u017e do hloubky osmdes\u00e1ti metr\u016f, ale hydroakustick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje n\u011bmeck\u00fdch lod\u00ed ho nepou\u0161t\u011bly. T\u0159i dny vybuchovaly kolem polsk\u00e9 ponorky hloubkov\u00e9 pumy. Kdy\u017e kapit\u00e1n vid\u011bl, \u017ee neuniknou, na\u0159\u00eddil vypnout motory a klesnout ke dnu. Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 l\u00ed\u010dit pocity on\u011bch \u0161edes\u00e1ti mu\u017e\u016f, kter\u00fdm ji\u017e doch\u00e1zel kysl\u00edk, sotva d\u00fdchali a t\u0159i dny a t\u0159i noci \u010dekali, kter\u00e1 z t\u011bch stovek hloubkov\u00fdch pum kone\u010dn\u011b zas\u00e1hne. Pak v noci Orel vyplul na periskopickou hloubku, proto\u017ee proud ho un\u00e1\u0161el ke skal\u00e1m. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 \u010dluny byly n\u011bkolik mil od n\u011bho. Kapit\u00e1n na\u0159\u00eddil zapnout motory a nastavit pln\u00fd chod po hladin\u011b. Orel se i tentokr\u00e1t vr\u00e1til na svou z\u00e1kladnu.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 A pak – bylo to 25. kv\u011btna 1940. Polsk\u00fd n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk Przondak le\u017e\u00ed v britsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00ed nemocnici. Trochu ho zlobily nervy a byl zna\u010dn\u011b nachlazen. Orel tedy poprv\u00e9 vyplul bez sv\u00e9ho u\u017e zku\u0161en\u00e9ho velitele torp\u00e9dov\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ed polednem se na nemocni\u010dn\u00ed pokoj p\u0159iloud\u00e1 britsk\u00fd n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk a usedne na Przondakovo l\u016f\u017eko. Chv\u00edli je zticha a pak \u0159ekne:<\/p>\n

\u201eTv\u00e1 ponorka se potopila …“<\/em><\/p>\n

V pokoji je ticho. Ostatn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edci to usly\u0161eli a d\u00edvaj\u00ed se ml\u010dky na sv\u00e9ho polsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele. \u201eM\u011bl jsem slu\u017ebu na radiostanici,“ <\/em>\u0161ept\u00e1 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk. \u201eJe\u0161t\u011b v \u0161est jsem m\u011bl Orla na p\u0159\u00edjmu. V\u0161echno klapalo. Pak se n\u00e1hle odml\u010del. Nevyslal ani SOS. Ale je to p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b tajn\u00e9, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee Holan\u010fani po n\u011bm vyp\u00e1lili \u010dty\u0159i torp\u00e9da a jen jedno \u0161lo vedle. Je to hrozn\u00fd omyl. Holan\u010fan\u00e9 poznali, \u017ee to nen\u00ed britsk\u00e1 ponorka … mysleli nejd\u0159\u00edv, \u017ee p\u00e1l\u00ed po N\u011bmc\u00edch. Ale nep\u0159iznali se … zat\u00edm…“<\/em><\/p>\n

Britsk\u00e1 admiralita nikdy ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu nevydala. Prok\u00e1z\u00e1no je jen to, \u017ee v m\u00edst\u011b zk\u00e1zy Orla ani v jeho okol\u00ed nebyla ten den \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e1 lo\u010f. Spojeneck\u00fdch lod\u00ed tam v\u0161ak bylo n\u011bkolik. A \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 se nikdy k potopen\u00ed ponorky nep\u0159iznala. T\u0159eba ani nemohla, t\u0159eba si sv\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed odnesla tak\u00e9 do hlubin mo\u0159e.<\/p>\n

\u010ct\u011bte:<\/strong><\/p>\n

ORP Orzel. Wikipedia. Internet: https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ORP_Orze%C5%82_%281939%29<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Archiv NoS<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zept\u00e1te-li se snad kter\u00e9hokoliv polsk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka na ponorku Orel, ur\u010dit\u011b v\u00e1m pov\u00ed alespo\u0148 tohle:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1129,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[52],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2359"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2359"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2359\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}