{"id":2401,"date":"2017-06-08T22:16:23","date_gmt":"2017-06-08T20:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2017\/06\/08\/architekt-prazskeho-hradu\/"},"modified":"2017-06-08T22:16:23","modified_gmt":"2017-06-08T20:16:23","slug":"architekt-prazskeho-hradu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2017\/06\/08\/architekt-prazskeho-hradu\/","title":{"rendered":"Architekt Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho hradu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Roku 1919 byla zah\u00e1jena obnova d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kn\u00ed\u017eec\u00edho a kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho s\u00eddla na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b pro pot\u0159eby ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed reprezentativn\u00ed rezidence prezidenta \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1dci z habsbursk\u00e9 a habsbursko-lotrinsk\u00e9 dynastie Hrad zanedb\u00e1vali a ten byl p\u0159i dosa\u017een\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed samostatnosti v dezol\u00e1tn\u00edm stavu. Mimo to bylo nutn\u00e9 zde prov\u00e9st archeologick\u00fd pr\u016fzkum a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b Jednota pro dostav\u011bn\u00ed katedr\u00e1ly svat\u00e9ho V\u00edta hodlala chr\u00e1m dokon\u010dit.<\/p>\n

Architektem, kter\u00fd m\u011bl toto skloubit, se stal 5. 11. 1920 rod\u00e1k ze slovinsk\u00e9 Lublan\u011b Josip Ple\u010dnik<\/em>. D\u011blo se tak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z vlivu prvn\u00edho prezidenta republiky T. G. Masaryka<\/em>, kter\u00fd znal jeho pr\u00e1ci u\u017e p\u0159ed prvn\u00ed sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lkou. Ple\u010dnik<\/em> ale nejd\u0159\u00edv nad touto nab\u00eddkou v\u00e1hal, ne \u017ee by si nev\u011b\u0159il, myslel si v\u0161ak, \u017ee jako cizinec, by\u0165 z p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho slovansk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda, se nem\u00e1 vm\u011b\u0161ovat do tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 kulturn\u011b-politick\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. \u201eChcete zn\u00e1t,\u201c <\/em>napsal pozd\u011bji, \u201ekdy jsem p\u0159i\u0161el na Hrad \u2013 byl jsem je\u0161t\u011b ve \u0161kole v Praze \u2013 br\u00e1nil jsem se zuby nehty, abych se na Hrad nedostal \u2013 ale nebylo vyhnut\u00ed. Dnes toho nelituji \u2013 z\u00edskal jsem tam nesm\u00edrn\u011b mnoho \u2013 B\u016fh v\u00ed, co by se se mnou d\u011blo \u2013 B\u016fh v\u00ed \u2013 jak jsem mu za to vd\u011b\u010dn\u00fd.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Josip (Jo\u017ee) Ple\u010dnik<\/em> se narodil 23. ledna 1872 v rodin\u011b truhl\u00e1\u0159e. Poda\u0159ilo se mu z\u00edskat stipendium pro st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed na pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u0161kole ve \u0160t\u00fdrsk\u00e9m Hradci.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr. 1 \u010cevljarsk\u00fd most v Ljublani\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Odtud vedla cesta talentovan\u00e9ho Slovince do V\u00eddn\u011b ke studiu architektury. Hlavn\u00ed a s\u00eddeln\u00ed m\u011bsto habsbursk\u00e9 monarchie m\u011blo mimo odborn\u00fd r\u016fst pro Ple\u010dnika i v\u00fdznam my\u0161lenkov\u00fd. Narazil tady na velkon\u011bmeck\u00e9 kulturn\u011b-politick\u00e9 tendence a reagoval na to pos\u00edlen\u00edm sv\u00e9ho slovansk\u00e9ho uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Setk\u00e1n\u00ed s o rok star\u0161\u00edm Janem Kot\u011brou<\/em>, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm \u010desk\u00fdm architektem, Ple\u010dnika p\u0159ivedlo k \u017eiv\u00e9mu z\u00e1jmu o \u010desk\u00fd n\u00e1rod a jeho historii. P\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed s Kot\u011brou bylo i impulzem, pro\u010d v roce 1911 p\u0159ijal m\u00edsto na pra\u017esk\u00e9 Um\u011bleckopr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u0161kole.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ovlivnil sv\u00fdmi um\u011bleck\u00fdmi i lidsk\u00fdmi postoji \u0159adu sv\u00fdch student\u016f. Z\u016fstal u n\u00e1s dev\u011bt let, ne\u017e byl jmenov\u00e1n profesorem architektury v Lublani. Musel tud\u00ed\u017e do Prahy doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt.<\/p>\n

M\u011bl v\u0161ak kvalitn\u00edho pomocn\u00edka v osob\u011b sv\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka Otto Rothmayera<\/em>, jen\u017e dohl\u00ed\u017eel na proveden\u00ed jeho n\u00e1vrh\u016f. Ple\u010dnik pracoval pro Hrad do roku 1934.<\/p>\n

Plat, kter\u00fd dost\u00e1val od Kancel\u00e1\u0159e prezidenta republiky, pou\u017e\u00edval pouze na kryt\u00ed re\u017eijn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f a ostatn\u00ed vracel! Mimo Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho hradu navrhl tak\u00e9 \u00fapravy prezidentsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1mku v L\u00e1nech. V Praze zanechal skv\u011blou uk\u00e1zku chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 architektury \u2013 kostel Nejsv\u011bt\u011bj\u0161\u00edho srdce P\u00e1n\u011b. K sakr\u00e1ln\u00edm stavb\u00e1m m\u011bl v\u016fbec bl\u00edzko, co\u017e vych\u00e1zelo z jeho siln\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho katol\u00edka.<\/p>\n

Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce nad\u00e1le vyv\u00edjel pedagogickou a tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed \u010dinnost v Jugosl\u00e1vii, ale jeho n\u00e1zory byly obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159ekonan\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1hy po \u00famrt\u00ed 9. 1. 1957 upadl nadlouho v zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b, pat\u0159\u00ed toti\u017e ke \u0161pi\u010dce evropsk\u00fdch architekt\u016f sv\u00e9 doby.<\/p>\n

Genialitu Josipa Ple\u010dnika<\/em> m\u016f\u017ee obdivovat ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho hradu, ve kter\u00e9m dok\u00e1zal architektonicky vyj\u00e1d\u0159it spojen\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed tradice s novou dobou po 28. \u0159\u00edjnu 1918.<\/p>\n

Vladim\u00edr Mlejneck\u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n

SLOVANSK\u00c1 VZ\u00c1JEMNOST \u010d. 204\/2016<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Roku 1919 byla zah\u00e1jena obnova d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kn\u00ed\u017eec\u00edho a kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho s\u00eddla na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b pro pot\u0159eby ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed reprezentativn\u00ed rezidence prezidenta \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2399,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[6],"tags":[337,39],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2401"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2401"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2401\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}