{"id":3190,"date":"2020-10-05T00:31:52","date_gmt":"2020-10-04T22:31:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/?p=3190"},"modified":"2020-10-08T22:48:30","modified_gmt":"2020-10-08T20:48:30","slug":"jak-alexander-ii-prodal-aljasku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2020\/10\/05\/jak-alexander-ii-prodal-aljasku\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak Alexander II. prodal Alja\u0161ku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>V b\u0159eznu 1867 ztratila Rusk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. Skute\u010dnost je takov\u00e1, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00edm c\u00edsa\u0159e Alexandra II. byly Liberator, Alja\u0161ka a Aleutsk\u00e9 ostrovy prod\u00e1ny Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm.<\/strong><!--more--><br \/>\nV 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ipojily USA k sob\u011b nov\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed: kupovaly pozemky od Francouz\u016f, nakoupily <em>Kalifornii<\/em> od <em>Mexika,<\/em> p\u0159ipojili <em>Texas.<\/em> Brzy p\u0159i\u0161la \u0159ada na <em>Alja\u0161ku.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Alja\u0161ku<\/em> objevili v roce 1732 ru\u0161t\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edci a zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159i\u010di. Za ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed datum objeven\u00ed se v\u0161ak pova\u017euje pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed \u2013 1841. \u010cest prvn\u00edho objevitele pat\u0159\u00ed kapit\u00e1nu <em>\u010cirikovovi. Alja\u0161ka<\/em> byla tak mimochodem jedin\u00fdm velk\u00fdm majetkem <em>Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e<\/em> mimo <em>Eurasii.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e9to zemi v\u0161ak nep\u0159ikl\u00e1dal rusk\u00fd vl\u00e1dce p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam &#8211; novou zemi ovl\u00e1dli pouze ru\u0161t\u00ed obchodn\u00edci, zakl\u00e1dali osady a obchodovali s <em>Eskym\u00e1ky.<\/em> St\u00e1t jako takov\u00fd se na tomto procesu nez\u00fa\u010dastnil.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e zde kolonist\u00e9 vyhubili m\u00edstn\u00ed faunu, zejm\u00e9na mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vydry a bobry, ztratili ru\u0161t\u00ed obchodn\u00edci ve\u0161ker\u00fd z\u00e1jem o pobyt v z\u00e1mo\u0159sk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Zem\u011b nebyla ovl\u00e1d\u00e1na a nebylo zde dost lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V prosinci 1866 se konalo zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho se krom\u011b cara <em>Alexandra II.<\/em>, z\u00fa\u010dastnil velkov\u00e9voda <em>Konstantin,<\/em> z\u00e1stupci admirality, ministr financ\u00ed a rusk\u00fd velvyslanec v <em>Americe.<\/em> Bylo jednomysln\u011b rozhodnuto prodat <em>Alja\u0161ku.<\/em> Zb\u00fdvalo jen p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit USA, aby studenou a nepot\u0159ebnou zemi koupily. Car <em>Alexander II.<\/em> (1855-1881) na\u0159\u00eddil zemi prodat, ale ne levn\u011bji ne\u017e za p\u011bt milion\u016f dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3194\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/alexander-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"258\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Podle dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f rusk\u00fd velvyslanec v Americe utratil zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky na \u00faplatky a prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1zoru v zahrani\u010dn\u00edch novin\u00e1ch, \u017ee koup\u011b <em>Alja\u0161ky<\/em> je v\u00fdhodn\u00e1. P\u016fsobiv\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz bylo tak\u00e9 vynalo\u017eeno na \u00faplatky vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm v americk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>V d\u016fsledku toho byla <em>Alja\u0161ka<\/em> prod\u00e1na za sedm milion\u016f dolar\u016f. P\u0159evedeno na rubly se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1stka je velmi, velmi skromn\u00e1. Brzy se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee Ameri\u010dan\u016fm se investice velmi vyplatila &#8211; na nov\u00e9m americk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed bylo stokr\u00e1t v\u00edce zlata, za\u010dala slavn\u00e1 <em>\u201ezlat\u00e1 hore\u010dka\u201c<\/em>. Co m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci o z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch ropy \u2013 to se v\u016fbec ned\u00e1 srovnat.<\/p>\n<p>Na podzim roku 1867 se konal slavnostn\u00ed ceremoni\u00e1l: rusk\u00e1 vlajka byla sta\u017eena, a na jej\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b za\u010dala vl\u00e1t vlajka americk\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159evedeno na procenta &#8211; <em>Rusk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e<\/em> ztratila asi deset procent sv\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 k sob\u011b p\u0159ipojili \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fd dev\u00e1t\u00fd st\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee t\u011bch sedm milion\u016f dolar\u016f nikdy nedorazilo do <em>Petrohradu.<\/em> \u010c\u00e1st t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stky byla vynalo\u017eena na \u00faplatky a odm\u011bny, \u010d\u00e1st si nechal pro sebe <em>Eduard Stekl,<\/em> rusk\u00fd velvyslanec ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. V\u0161echno ostatn\u00ed bylo odesl\u00e1no do <em>Lond\u00fdna<\/em> bankovn\u00edm p\u0159evodem. Zlat\u00e9 pruty, zakoupen\u00e9 v <em>Lond\u00fdn\u011b<\/em> za toto mno\u017estv\u00ed, byly nalo\u017eeny na lo\u010f. Lo\u010f se bohu\u017eel potopila na cest\u011b do hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta <em>Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ot\u00e1zka z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 &#8211; bylo na t\u00e9 lodi n\u011bjak\u00e9 zlato?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V b\u0159eznu 1867 ztratila Rusk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. Skute\u010dnost je takov\u00e1, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00edm c\u00edsa\u0159e Alexandra II. byly Liberator, Alja\u0161ka a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3201,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[172,34],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3190"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3190"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3197,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3190\/revisions\/3197"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}