{"id":3286,"date":"2024-09-14T00:23:44","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T22:23:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/?p=3286"},"modified":"2023-08-22T16:56:53","modified_gmt":"2023-08-22T14:56:53","slug":"jak-lekari-lecili-ludvika-xiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2024\/09\/14\/jak-lekari-lecili-ludvika-xiv\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u201el\u00e9\u010dili\u201c Ludv\u00edka XIV."},"content":{"rendered":"

Slavn\u00fd kr\u00e1l slunce – Ludv\u00edk XIV.<\/em> (1643-1715) – u\u010dinil z Francie nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zemi v Evrop\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159epychov\u00fd dv\u016fr zast\u00ednil v\u0161echny pal\u00e1ce na sv\u011bt\u011b. Arm\u00e1da z\u00edsk\u00e1vala neust\u00e1l\u00e1 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. V\u0161echno vzkv\u00e9talo, rostlo a rozv\u00edjelo se… Skute\u010dn\u011b nejslunn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stolet\u00ed pro tuto zemi, ale ne v\u0161echno bylo tak bez mr\u00e1\u010dku pro samotn\u00e9ho panovn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dili, ale nel\u00e9\u010dili<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u0161ichni v\u011bdci jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee kr\u00e1l m\u011bl \u017eelezn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, jinak by jednodu\u0161e nevydr\u017eel l\u00e9\u010dbu, kterou podstoupil ve v\u011bku 47 let. Kr\u00e1l se do\u017eil 77 let, a l\u00e9ka\u0159i mu za\u010dali opravdu v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ohro\u017eovat zdrav\u00ed u\u017e jako velmi mlad\u00e9mu 15let\u00e9mu dauphinovi.<\/p>\n

Pe\u010dovali o n\u011bj, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 kapacity sv\u00e9 doby. Zanechali o tom nejpodrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozn\u00e1mky – v historii to nem\u00e1 obdoby. Idiotsk\u00e9 postupy jsou podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1ny, stejn\u011b tak \u00favahy a z\u00e1v\u011bry, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00edc\u00ed o zmatenosti a \u0161arlat\u00e1nstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nic nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt smutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e tato l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 pam\u00e1tka, z\u00e1rove\u0148 nen\u00ed nic z\u00e1bavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho, tvrd\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u0161t\u00ed historici.<\/p>\n

Na Sorbonn\u011b se l\u00e9ka\u0159i vytrvale dr\u017eeli zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00fdch dogmat, poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z temn\u00fdch stalet\u00ed od n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u201eu\u010dedn\u00edk\u016f\u201c Paracelsa, podle kter\u00fdch jsou \u201elidsk\u00e1 \u00fasta jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ze v\u0161ech otvor\u016f v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble \u0161irokou br\u00e1nou pro nejmen\u0161\u00ed \u010dervy, kter\u00fdmi se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed infekce po cel\u00e9m t\u011ble a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm se usazuje na zubech. Tam se mno\u017e\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed \u00fasta na p\u00e1chnouc\u00ed kloaku.\u201c<\/p>\n

V\u011b\u0159ilo se tedy, \u017ee nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 ohniska nemoc\u00ed lze zlikvidovat odstran\u011bn\u00edm v\u0161ech zub\u016f! A tak doktor Antoine Daquin rozhodl, \u017ee kr\u00e1li se mus\u00ed vytrhnout v\u0161echny zuby, dokud jsou zdrav\u00e9, jinak bude p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b. Ludv\u00edk, velk\u00fd milovn\u00edk j\u00eddla, zoufale protestoval. Ale doktor byl lstiv\u00fd, a vyu\u017eil odporn\u00e9 manipulace.<\/p>\n

Dovedn\u011b zahr\u00e1l na zn\u00e1m\u00e9 ambice naivn\u00edho panovn\u00edka a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil ho, \u017ee to bude pokrokov\u00e9 a presti\u017en\u00ed. Pomp\u00e9zn\u00ed Ludv\u00edk odpov\u011bd\u011bl: \u201eKv\u016fli presti\u017ei jsem p\u0159ipraven zem\u0159\u00edt!\u201c A je s podivem, \u017ee se tak nestalo.<\/p>\n

A tak, bez anestezie (!) vyrval s p\u0159edn\u00edmi zuby i kousek patra, a p\u0159i vyrv\u00e1n\u00ed spodn\u00edch zub\u016f mu zlomil \u010delist!!!<\/p>\n

Na Sorbonn\u011b akademi\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee nemoc je trestem za h\u0159\u00edch, a \u00faleva od bolesti je \u010f\u00e1belstv\u00ed. Doktor Daca s gustem napsal, jak \u010dtrn\u00e1ctkr\u00e1t sp\u00e1lil kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 patro roz\u017ehavenou ocelovou ty\u010dkou a vyp\u00e1lil infekci.D\u00edra mezi nosem a \u00fastn\u00ed dutinou se tak nikdy nezacelila.<\/p>\n

Od t\u00e9 doby vzne\u0161en\u00fd Bourbon jedl s nakl\u00e1n\u011bn\u00edm hlavy vzad. P\u0159i pit\u00ed v\u00edna se narovnal – a v\u00edno vyteklo skrz otvor v pat\u0159e p\u0159es nos … Ale j\u00eddlo uv\u00edzlo v t\u00e9to d\u00ed\u0159e a n\u011bkdy i muselo b\u00fdt po t\u00fddnu vybr\u00e1no nosn\u00edmi d\u00edrkami. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, hnij\u00edc\u00ed zbytky j\u00eddla odpudiv\u011b a prudce p\u00e1chly do okol\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l byl nucen polykat j\u00eddlo bez \u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed. To vysv\u011btluje mnoho rys\u016f i dne\u0161n\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b \u2013 r\u016fzn\u00e9 ka\u0161e a pyr\u00e9, pa\u0161tiky, mlet\u00e9 maso, parmenti\u00e9re… Francouzi se radovali z kr\u00e1lova apetitu – to bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za milost osudu a dobr\u00e9 znamen\u00ed. Kr\u00e1l se ale p\u0159ej\u00eddal, proto\u017ee s j\u00eddlem sn\u011bdl obrovskou tasemnici.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Princezna Palatinsk\u00e1 \u0159ekla, \u017ee na kr\u00e1lov\u011b ve\u010de\u0159i sn\u011bdl \u010dty\u0159i misky r\u016fzn\u00fdch pol\u00e9vek, cel\u00e9ho ba\u017eanta a cel\u00e9ho tet\u0159eva, n\u011bkolik sal\u00e1tov\u00fdch pokrm\u016f, obrovsk\u00fd kus jehn\u011b\u010d\u00edho masa, dva velk\u00e9 kousky \u0161unky, krabi\u010dku su\u0161enek a jako dezert hodn\u011b ovoce a sladkost\u00ed. Kr\u00e1l a tasemnice to t\u011b\u017eko str\u00e1vili i spole\u010dn\u011b. Pr\u016fjmy a zvracen\u00ed bylo na denn\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n

Panovn\u00edkovi byl proto p\u0159edeps\u00e1n jeden klyst\u00fdr za klyst\u00fdrem – asi t\u0159i sta ro\u010dn\u011b \u2013 tedy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 denn\u011b. A kr\u00e1l ve sv\u00e9 d\u016fstojnosti nemohl sp\u011bchat na z\u00e1chod, kdy\u017e to pot\u0159eboval, a \u010dasto nedo\u0161el v\u010das. Tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd s funguj\u00edc\u00edm nosem v\u011bd\u011bl, co se stalo.<\/p>\n

V roce 1686 byl kr\u00e1li \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b operov\u00e1na rekt\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00ed\u0161t\u011bl. Pot\u00e9 ji\u017e chirurgov\u00e9 nebyli pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za holi\u010de a byli pov\u00fd\u0161eni do hodnosti l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f. Operace byla pojmenov\u00e1na \u201ekr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1.\u201c<\/p>\n

Ludv\u00edk trp\u011bl paraproktitidou.<\/em> Je to akutn\u00ed, purulentn\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bt bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b pararekt\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/em> z\u00f3ny, kter\u00e1 proch\u00e1z\u00ed do chronick\u00e9 formy, pokud neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nebo ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, v prostoru v bl\u00edzkosti rektu, napln\u011bn\u00fd tukovou tk\u00e1n\u00ed, vznik\u00e1 absces.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l str\u00e1vil vojensk\u00e9 ta\u017een\u00ed v roce 1685 v sedle, co\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nemoc je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161ilo. K odstran\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btu dali l\u00e9ka\u0159i Ludv\u00edkovi<\/em> za \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f dva tis\u00edce klyst\u00fdr\u016f. Vznikla obrovsk\u00e1 p\u00ed\u0161t\u011bl. Kr\u00e1l nemohl ani sed\u011bt, ani chodit. Ka\u017ed\u00fd den se st\u00e1val ponur\u00fdm. Nic nepom\u00e1halo.<\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9 soudn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i poradili, aby se kr\u00e1l odevzdal do rukou holi\u010de \u2013 chirurga. Tak se tehdy jmenovalo toto povol\u00e1n\u00ed. Holi\u010d Charles Felix<\/em> souhlasil s proveden\u00edm operace u kr\u00e1le, ale vy\u017eadoval \u010das a materi\u00e1l pro vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed techniky excize p\u00ed\u0161t\u011ble.<\/p>\n

Nemocn\u00ed s p\u00ed\u0161t\u011blemi, v\u011bt\u0161inou zlo\u010dinci, byli odvezeni k n\u011bmu. Po operac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou dopadly \u0161patn\u011b, byli poh\u0159beni v noci, kdy\u017e cel\u00e1 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e spala. Po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stovce operac\u00ed chirurg nabyl odvahu. Ale p\u0159ed kr\u00e1lovskou operac\u00ed byl zna\u010dn\u011b nerv\u00f3zn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ludv\u00edk mu \u0159ekl: \u201e\u0158e\u017e klidn\u011b, jako bych byl oby\u010dejn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, roln\u00edk.\u201c<\/em> Dva l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edci dr\u017eeli kr\u00e1lovy nohy, zat\u00edmco ministr v\u00e1lky de Louvois<\/em> dr\u017eel Ludv\u00edka,<\/em> a s francouzskou \u017eivost\u00ed sd\u011bloval, co se d\u011bje mezi kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdmi p\u016flkami…<\/p>\n

Charles za\u0161rouboval monstr\u00f3zn\u00ed retraktor<\/em> k odd\u011blen\u00ed okraj\u016f chirurgick\u00e9ho \u0159ezu do kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 \u0159iti a sondu do p\u00ed\u0161t\u011ble. Potom obrovsk\u00fdmi n\u016f\u017ekami za\u010dal kr\u00e1li kr\u00e1jet maso.<\/p>\n

Ludv\u00edk vydr\u017eel v\u0161echno. \u010cas od \u010dasu dokonce \u0159ekl: \u201eZach\u00e1zejte se mnou, stejn\u011b jako s ostatn\u00edmi, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pocty.\u201c<\/em> N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho dne p\u0159ijal Siamsk\u00e9ho velvyslance. O t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce pozd\u011bji kr\u00e1l putoval zimn\u00ed zahradou, o p\u00e1r t\u00fddn\u016f pozd\u011bji – sko\u010dil do sedla.<\/p>\n

A 1. dubna 1686 jeho obl\u00edbenkyn\u011b, madame de Maintenon<\/em> zazp\u00edvala hymnus \u201eChra\u0148 n\u00e1m kr\u00e1le, Bo\u017ee\u201c,<\/em> slo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, na hudbu slavn\u00e9 Lully.<\/em> L\u00edbilo se to. Nejv\u00edc ze v\u0161eho v\u0161ak skladba zas\u00e1hla sousedy – Britov\u00e9<\/em> ji p\u0159ijali za svou, p\u0159elo\u017eili ji do angli\u010dtiny a za\u010dali velmi \u010dasto zp\u00edvat. Tak \u010dasto, a\u017e se stala dodnes britskou hymnou!<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l ud\u011blil chirurg\u016fm privilegium naz\u00fdvat se l\u00e9ka\u0159i, a odd\u011blit se od kade\u0159n\u00edk\u016f a holi\u010d\u016f. Felix dostal spoustu pen\u011bz. Davy dvo\u0159an\u016f u n\u011bj za\u010daly objedn\u00e1vat tuto operaci, kter\u00e1 pro n\u011b byla absolutn\u011b zbyte\u010dn\u00e1, jen aby sympatizovali s kr\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159i opakovan\u011b testovali v\u016fli a nervy panovn\u00edka, ale Kr\u00e1l Slunce<\/em> dlouho \u017eil a z\u00e1\u0159il. Teprve v roce 1715, kdy\u017e p\u0159e\u017eil klyst\u00fdry a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch divok\u00fdch mu\u010den\u00ed, ho dr. Fagon<\/em> prohl\u00e1sil za mrtv\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Slavn\u00fd kr\u00e1l slunce – Ludv\u00edk XIV. (1643-1715) – u\u010dinil z Francie nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zemi v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3293,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[136],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3286"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3286"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3292,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3286\/revisions\/3292"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3293"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}