{"id":390,"date":"2008-06-25T12:45:50","date_gmt":"2008-06-25T10:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/06\/25\/o-zaloeni-ks\/"},"modified":"2008-06-25T12:45:50","modified_gmt":"2008-06-25T10:45:50","slug":"o-zaloeni-ks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/06\/25\/o-zaloeni-ks\/","title":{"rendered":"O zalo\u017een\u00ed KS\u010c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"logo\"21. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1920 vy\u0161lo prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo Rud\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 republika <\/p>\n

14. \u0159\u00edjna 1918 vystoupili \u010de\u0161t\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci s po\u017eadavkem vytvo\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u011b a soci\u00e1ln\u011b spravedliv\u00e9 \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky. Tento sv\u016fj po\u017eadavek podpo\u0159ili gener\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1vkou, obsazov\u00e1n\u00edm budov st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, zabra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdvozu potravin a surovin ze zem\u011b apod. Pravi\u010d\u00e1k\u016fm se v\u0161ak poda\u0159ilo revolu\u010dn\u00ed hnut\u00ed utlumit a zabr\u00e1nit, aby se d\u011blnictvo dostalo do \u010dela n\u00e1rodn\u011b osvobozeneck\u00e9ho boje jako v Rusku. 28. \u0159\u00edjen 1918 se stal dnem vznikem \u010ceskoslovenska. Toho dne d\u011bln\u00edci zastavili pr\u00e1ci, tis\u00edce demonstrant\u016f zaplnily ulice Prahy, strh\u00e1valy symboly nen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u00e9 rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 monarchie. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbor, kter\u00fd byl ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve vytvo\u0159en jako z\u00e1rodek budouc\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, p\u0159ej\u00edmal moc. 14. listopadu se N\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbor prohl\u00e1sil za Revolu\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nov\u00fd st\u00e1t provolalo republiku. Prezidentem republiky byl zvolen T. G. Masaryk. <\/p>\n

Marxistick\u00e1 levice <\/p>\n

Zaost\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed se spory uvnit\u0159 soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany vedly u\u017e brzo po zalo\u017een\u00ed \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed levicov\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00eddla. Pod veden\u00edm B. \u0160merala, A. Z\u00e1potock\u00e9ho, J. Hybe\u0161e, J. Hakena, M. \u010culena a dal\u0161\u00edch vznikla marxistick\u00e1 levice. I v n\u011bmeck\u00e9 socialn\u00ed demokracii se tvo\u0159ila levice veden\u00e1 K. Kreibichem. Vedle toho vzniklo marxistick\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed, jeho\u017e \u010dlenov\u00e9 byli V. Kopeck\u00fd, J. \u0160verma a jin\u00ed. Pozd\u011bji byly vytvo\u0159eny komunistick\u00e9 skupiny veden\u00e9 S. K. Neumannem. <\/p>\n

Marxistick\u00e1 levice z\u00edskala b\u011bhem roku na svou stranu zdrcuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00fdch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f. Hl\u00e1sila se k ide\u00e1m Marxe a Lenina a informovala ve sv\u00e9m tisku o Velk\u00e9 \u0159\u00edjnov\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 revoluci, o sov\u011btsk\u00e9m Rusku a jeho p\u0159edn\u00edch bojovn\u00edc\u00edch. Byla z\u00e1kladem budouc\u00ed Komunistick\u00e9 strany \u010ceskoslovenska, kter\u00e1 na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161iny komunistick\u00fdch stran nevznikla z mal\u00e9ho revolu\u010dn\u00edho j\u00e1dra, ale vyv\u00edjela se naopak od za\u010d\u00e1tku jako masov\u00e1 strana. <\/p>\n

Ve volb\u00e1ch do N\u00e1rodn\u00edho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, konan\u00fdch roku 1920, z\u00edskaly socialistick\u00e9 strany nadpolovi\u010dn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu hlas\u016f. Nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, sestaven\u00e1 po volb\u00e1ch, v jejim\u017e \u010dele byl pravicov\u00fd soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokr\u00e1t Vlastimil Tusar, byla koali\u010dn\u00ed vl\u00e1dou, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1le prov\u00e1d\u011bla starou politiku. P\u0159esto, \u017ee socialistick\u00e9 strany volby vyhraly, jejich v\u016fdcov\u00e9 znovu p\u0159enechali veden\u00ed st\u00e1tu pravici a spole\u010dn\u011b s n\u00ed p\u0159ipravovali pl\u00e1n k potla\u010den\u00ed revolu\u010dn\u00edho hnut\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Pravicov\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina zastupitelstva \u010ds. soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany se na zased\u00e1n\u00ed 14. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1920 rozhodla odlo\u017eit XIII. sjezd a vylou\u010dit p\u0159edstavitele levice ze strany. Proti tomuto usnesen\u00ed prosadila v\u0161ak marxistick\u00e1 levice, veden\u00e1 B. \u0160meralem a A. Z\u00e1potock\u00fdm, mezi \u010dlenstvem kon\u00e1n\u00ed sjezdu ve dnech 25. a\u017e 28. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1920. <\/p>\n

Tisk marxistick\u00e9 levice <\/p>\n

Na XIII. sjezdu se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee za levic\u00ed jdou v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f strany. Sjezd byl v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm krokem v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie. Marxistick\u00e1 levice se na n\u011bm ustavila jako samostatn\u00e1 strana, kter\u00e1 usilovala o uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed socialistick\u00e9 revoluce v \u010ceskoslovensku podle vzoru Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu. <\/p>\n

Prosincov\u00e1 gener\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1vka <\/p>\n

Dne 9. prosince 1920 obsadila policie n\u00e1siln\u011b Lidov\u00fd d\u016fm v Hybernsk\u00e9 ulici v Praze a p\u0159edala ho soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00fdm v\u016fdc\u016fm. Na protest proti brut\u00e1ln\u00edmu postupu \u010detnictva a policie vyhl\u00e1silo veden\u00ed levice v cel\u00e9 republice gener\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1vku, kter\u00e9 se z\u00fa\u010dastnil jeden milion d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f. Nejrevolu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byl pr\u016fb\u011bh st\u00e1vky na Kladensku. V Praze, Most\u011b, na Oslavansku, Hodon\u00ednsku, na Slovensku ve Vr\u00e1blech, na Gelnicku a v cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b jin\u00fdch m\u011bst do\u0161lo ke sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m s polici\u00ed a \u010detnictvem. St\u0159elbou \u010detnictva bylo 13 osob zabito a mnoho des\u00edtek zran\u011bno. V\u00edce ne\u017e 3.000 funkcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f marxistick\u00e9 levice bylo zat\u010deno a souzeno pro "velezradu". Po tomto brut\u00e1ln\u00edm z\u00e1sahu byla st\u00e1vka potla\u010dena. <\/p>\n

Ustavuj\u00edc\u00ed sjezd <\/p>\n

V lednu 1921 se konal v Lubochni sjezd deleg\u00e1t\u016f marxistick\u00e9 levice Slovenska za \u00fa\u010dasti z\u00e1stupc\u016f d\u011blnictva slovensk\u00e9, ma\u010farsk\u00e9 a ukrajinsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti. Na tomto sjezdu se vyslovila marxistick\u00e1 levice pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed 21 podm\u00ednek Komunistick\u00e9 internacion\u00e1ly. V b\u0159eznu 1921 byla v Liberci zalo\u017eena n\u011bmeck\u00e1 sekce KS\u010c. <\/p>\n

Komunistick\u00e1 strana \u010ceskoslovenska byla zalo\u017eena na ustavuj\u00edc\u00edm sjezdu ve dnech 14.-16.5.1921 v Praze pod veden\u00edm B. \u0160merala. Vstoupila do Komunistick\u00e9 internacion\u00e1ly, kter\u00e1 rozhodla o sjednocen\u00ed v\u0161ech n\u00e1rodn\u00edch komunistick\u00fdch stran v jednom st\u00e1t\u011b. Proto se 30.10.-2.11.1921 konal v Praze slu\u010dovac\u00ed sjezd v\u0161ech sekc\u00ed KS\u010c, na kter\u00e9m byla vytvo\u0159ena jednotn\u00e1 strana a p\u0159ijat organiza\u010dn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d. <\/p>\n

21. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1920 vy\u0161lo prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo Rud\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va. 18. kv\u011btna 1921 p\u0159ineslo politick\u00fd refer\u00e1t B. \u0160merala na ustavuj\u00edc\u00edm sjezdu KS\u010c. <\/p>\n

Na celost\u00e1tn\u00edch konferenc\u00edch KS\u010c v dubnu a v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1922 projednala strana politickou situaci a ur\u010dila sv\u016fj dal\u0161\u00ed postup. Jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem byl boj proti nezam\u011bstnanosti, rozvoj odborov\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed a socialistick\u00e1 revoluce. I. sjezd KS\u010c se pak konal 2.-5.2.1923. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

21. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1920 vy\u0161lo prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo Rud\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=390"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}