{"id":392,"date":"2008-06-25T12:48:51","date_gmt":"2008-06-25T10:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/06\/25\/osvobozeni-prahy\/"},"modified":"2008-06-25T12:48:51","modified_gmt":"2008-06-25T10:48:51","slug":"osvobozeni-prahy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/06\/25\/osvobozeni-prahy\/","title":{"rendered":"Osvobozen\u00ed Prahy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"8. kv\u011bten 1945 (za minul\u00e9ho re\u017eimu 9. kv\u011bten) je slavn\u00fdm Dnem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad fa\u0161ismem a z\u016fstane mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a02. kv\u011btna roku 1945 osvobodila Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da po t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch boj\u00edch Berl\u00edn. Ale na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska byla je\u0161t\u011b siln\u00e1 skupina fa\u0161istick\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy s v\u00edce ne\u017e jedn\u00edm milionem voj\u00e1k\u016f a d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f. Fa\u0161ist\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtali s t\u00edm, \u017ee se jim poda\u0159\u00ed zastavit Rudou arm\u00e1du na \u00fazem\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech a odv\u00e9st vlastn\u00ed vojska na z\u00e1pad, za linii americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e osvobodila z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010cechy. Vrchn\u00ed velitelstv\u00ed anglo-americk\u00fdch vojsk v\u0161ak gener\u00e1lu Georgeovi Pattonovi zak\u00e1zalo demarka\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ru p\u0159ekro\u010dit, proto\u017ee se ob\u00e1valo konfliktu se Sovetsk\u00fdm svazem. Winston Churchill napsal tenkr\u00e1t poln\u00edmu mar\u0161\u00e1lu Montgomerymu: „Sb\u00edrejte n\u011bmeck\u00e9 zbran\u011b a ulo\u017ete je tak, abychom je mohli snadn\u011bji d\u00e1t znovu n\u011bmeck\u00fdm voj\u00e1k\u016fm, se kter\u00fdmi bychom musili spolupracovat, kdyby sov\u011btsk\u00e1 ofenziva pokra\u010dovala.“<\/p>\n

Pra\u017esk\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b se na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska aktivizovalo n\u00e1rodn\u011b osvobozeneck\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. Podobn\u011b jako v dal\u0161\u00edch moravsk\u00fdch a \u010desk\u00fdch m\u011bstech, kter\u00e1 se ji\u017e stav\u011bla okupant\u016fm na odpor, vypuklo v Praze 5. kv\u011btna – d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e se pl\u00e1novalo – ozbrojen\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch vlastenc\u016f. Jejich hlavn\u00ed s\u00edlou byli d\u011bln\u00edci velk\u00fdch pra\u017esk\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f. Rychle obsadili rozhlas, po\u0161tu, telegraf, telefonn\u00ed centr\u00e1lu, hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed, elektr\u00e1rnu a mosty p\u0159es Vltavu. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 veden\u00ed si uv\u011bdomovalo v\u00fdznam Prahy jako hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta a na\u0159\u00eddilo povst\u00e1n\u00ed za ka\u017edou cenu potla\u010dit. \u010ceska n\u00e1rodn\u00ed rada, v n\u00ed\u017e vedle nestran\u00edka A. Pra\u017e\u00e1ka m\u011bl rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed postaven\u00ed komunista J. Smrkovsk\u00fd, se postavila do \u010dela povst\u00e1n\u00ed a spolupracovala s vojensk\u00fdmi odborn\u00edky. Nemohla v\u0161ak zajistit dostatek zbran\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0B\u011bhem noci z 6. na 7. kv\u011btna postavili obyvatel\u00e9 Prahy 1600 barik\u00e1d. Bojovalo na nich p\u0159es 30.000 lid\u00ed. Nacist\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dili v cel\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v d\u011blnick\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00edch. KS\u010c vydala v\u00fdzvu: „Komunist\u00e9! V\u010dera za\u010dal n\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd boj – na\u0161e bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast v boji… Bu\u010fte v\u0161ude nejlep\u0161\u00ed z nejlep\u0161\u00edch a doneste k c\u00edli sv\u016fj prapor zkrop\u011bn\u00fd krv\u00ed tis\u00edc\u016f soudruh\u016f. \u017delezn\u00e1 discipl\u00edna bol\u0161evick\u00e9 strany a nad\u0161en\u00ed bratrsk\u00e9 Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy jsou v\u00e1m z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fdm vzorem. Kup\u0159edu do posledn\u00edho boje za svobodnou lidov\u011b demokratickou \u010ceskoslovenskou republiku!“<\/p>\n

Lid na barik\u00e1d\u00e1ch bojoval state\u010dn\u011b. P\u0159esto se fa\u0161ist\u016fm poda\u0159ilo vniknout do st\u0159edu m\u011bsta. Bojovn\u00edci v ulic\u00edch Prahy se dostali do velmi t\u011bzk\u00e9 situaci. Z budovy \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9ho rozhlasu volali o pomoc: „Pozor! Pozor! Hovo\u0159\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 Praha! Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdch tank\u016f a letadel \u00fato\u010d\u00ed v tomto okam\u017eiku ze v\u0161ech stran na nase m\u011bsto. Obr\u00e1c\u00edme se s plamennou v\u00fdzvou k hrdinsk\u00e9 Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b. Po\u0161lete n\u00e1m na pomoc tanky, letadla. Nenechte zahynout na\u0161e m\u011bsto!“<\/p>\n

7. kv\u011btna se k povstalc\u016fm p\u0159idali vlasovci. Byli to p\u016fvodn\u011b ru\u0161t\u00ed zajatci, kter\u00fd b\u00fdval\u00fd sov\u011btsk\u00fd velitel, gener\u00e1l Vlasov, z\u00edskal pro boj na stran\u011b N\u011bmecka. S \u010ceskou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed radou se v\u0161ak nedohodli a 8. kv\u011btna se za\u010dali stahovat z Prahy na z\u00e1pad.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edjezd Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed partyz\u00e1ni a obyvatelstvo v\u00edtali sov\u011btsk\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky jako sv\u00e9 osvoboditele a pom\u00e1hali jim v boji. V\u0161ude bylo sly\u0161et vol\u00e1n\u00ed: „A\u0165 \u017eij\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed osvoboditel\u00e9! A\u0165 \u017eije Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da! A\u0165 \u017eije svoboda!“<\/p>\n

8. kv\u011btna podepsali z\u00e1stupci \u010cesk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed rady a n\u011bmeck\u00e9 veden\u00ed protokol o kapitulaci. Boje v\u0161ak ani potom nep\u0159estali. 9. kv\u011btna ve t\u0159i hodiny u\u017e bojovala sov\u011btsk\u00e1 63. gardov\u00e1 tankov\u00e1 brig\u00e1da ve st\u0159edu Prahy. Rudoarm\u011bjci nedovolili fa\u0161ist\u016fm vyhodit Karl\u016fv most do pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed a zachr\u00e1nili pra\u017esk\u00fd Hrad. A\u017e do kone\u010dn\u00e9ho osvobozen\u00ed Prahy tam padlo asi 800 sov\u011btsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n

Desititis\u00edce sov\u011btsk\u00fdch hrdin\u016f daly sv\u016fj \u017eivot za osvobozen\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f \u010ceskoslovenska. D\u00edky ob\u011btav\u00e9mu boji n\u00e1rod\u016f SSSR a z\u00e1padn\u00edch spojenc\u016f mohl \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd lid po dlouh\u00fdch letech fa\u0161istick\u00e9ho teroru zase voln\u011b d\u00fdchat. Radost obyvatelstva na ulic\u00edch Prahy neznala hranic.<\/p>\n

8. kv\u011bten 1945 (za minul\u00e9ho re\u017eimu 9. kv\u011bten) je slavn\u00fdm Dnem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad fa\u0161ismem a z\u016fstane mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

8. kv\u011bten 1945 (za minul\u00e9ho re\u017eimu 9. kv\u011bten) je slavn\u00fdm Dnem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad fa\u0161ismem a z\u016fstane mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":391,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/392"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=392"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/392\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}