{"id":397,"date":"2008-06-25T14:00:56","date_gmt":"2008-06-25T12:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/06\/25\/protinacisticky-odboj-v-sr-1\/"},"modified":"2008-06-25T14:00:56","modified_gmt":"2008-06-25T12:00:56","slug":"protinacisticky-odboj-v-sr-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/06\/25\/protinacisticky-odboj-v-sr-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Protinacistick\u00fd odboj v \u010cSR (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"logo\"Smlouva o ne\u00fato\u010den\u00ed mezi SSSR a N\u011bmeckem a jej\u00ed vliv na \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd odboj <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

P\u0159ekvapuj\u00edc\u00ed vy\u00fast\u011bn\u00ed politick\u00e9 krize v l\u00e9t\u011b 1939 v podob\u011b srpnov\u00e9ho paktu Hitlera se Stalinem a vypuknut\u00ed v\u00e1lky bez \u00fa\u010dasti Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu naprosto zm\u011bnily pom\u011bry i vnitrostranickou atmosf\u00e9ru. SSSR zaujal k v\u00e1lce odm\u00edtav\u00e9 stanovisko a Kominterna nahradila dos\u00e1vadn\u00ed protifa\u0161istickou linii orientac\u00ed na socialistickou revoluci. KS\u010c v dom\u00e1c\u00ed ilegalit\u011b i zahrani\u010dn\u00edm exilu musela svoje stanoviska sladit s moskevsk\u00fdm veden\u00edm, kter\u00e9 svou taktiku i v dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch n\u011bkolikrat prom\u011bnilo, co\u017e se projevilo nap\u0159. v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm pohledu na v\u00e1lku, na roli z\u00e1padn\u00edch mocnosti, na pom\u011br k prezidentovi Bene\u0161ovi a domac\u00edm n\u00e1rodn\u00edm odbojov\u00fdm sil\u00e1m jako Obran\u011b n\u00e1roda, Politick\u00e9mu \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed nebo Peti\u010dn\u00e9mu v\u00fdboru V\u011brn\u00ed z\u016fstaneme. <\/p>\n

Reakce KS\u010c na novou linii <\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e pom\u011br k SSSR byl mezi dom\u00e1c\u00edmi komunisty jasn\u00fd, ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 linie vyvol\u00e1valo jist\u00e9 rozpaky. \u010c\u00e1st \u010dlen\u016f KS\u010c novou linii podporovala, druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ji pova\u017eovala za jasnou zradu. Za dva dny poslali do Moskvy depe\u0161i, ve kter\u00e9 sice veden\u00ed sou\u010dasnou v\u00e1lku ch\u00e1palo jako imperialistickou, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 ozna\u010dilo hitlerovsk\u00e9 N\u011bmecko jako \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka a hlavn\u00edho nep\u0159\u00edtele, proti kter\u00e9mu bude veden boj. Na pokyn moskevsk\u00e9ho veden\u00ed za\u010dala \u010d\u00e1st ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed KS\u010c pak ost\u0159e kritizovat politickou \u010dinnost E. Bene\u0161e. Pr\u00e1v\u011b rozd\u00edln\u00e9 ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, forma n\u00e1rodn\u00edho osvobozen\u00ed a budouc\u00ed st\u00e1tnost vedly v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch k roz\u0161t\u011bpen\u00ed KS\u010c, kter\u00e9 p\u0159etrvalo a\u017e do p\u0159epaden\u00ed SSSR v \u010dervnu 1941. <\/p>\n

Ov\u0161em i b\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed z\u016fstal mezi ob\u011bma k\u0159\u00eddly odboje spojovac\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nkem oboustrann\u00fd z\u00e1jem na por\u00e1\u017ece fa\u0161ismu a svr\u017een\u00ed okupant\u016f, a ani v t\u00e9to dob\u011b mezi nimi nebyly p\u0159eru\u0161eny kontakty. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 z t\u011bchto stran nikdy v z\u00e1pase proti okupant\u016fm neustala, co\u017e lze nejl\u00e9pe prok\u00e1zat predev\u0161\u00edm ze spole\u010dn\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed – gestapo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b tvrd\u011b pot\u00edrala jak p\u0159\u00edvr\u017eence Bene\u0161e, tak komunisty a bez milosti zat\u00fdkalo a t\u00fdralo jedny i druh\u00e9. V letech 1940-41 zorganizovala KS\u010c s\u00e9rii st\u00e1vek a jin\u00fdch akc\u00ed. Pravideln\u011b vych\u00e1zelo Rud\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo a jin\u00e9 \u010dasopisy. Mezi lidmi bylo roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1no velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed let\u00e1k\u016f. V d\u016fsledku intenzivn\u00ed \u010dinnosti gestapa bylo pak zlikvidov\u00e1no i prvn\u00ed ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed veden\u00ed KS\u010c. Zat\u010den\u00ed unikl pouze Jan Zika, kolem n\u011bho\u017e se v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b utvo\u0159ilo nov\u00e9 ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed veden\u00ed strany. <\/p>\n

\u00a0Pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed komunist\u016f v SSSR <\/p>\n

Smlouva o ne\u00fatoku m\u011bla sv\u00e9 dopady i na situaci n\u011bmeck\u00fdch komunist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed utekli do SSSR. Pro mnoh\u00e9 z nich tento \u00fat\u011bk neznamenal z\u00e1chranu. Z osmi \u010dlen\u016f \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho v\u00fdboru KSN bylo 18 zavra\u017ed\u011bno v N\u011bmecku a 15 v SSSR, z komunistick\u00fdch poslanc\u016f V\u00fdmarsk\u00e9 republiky 36 zabili fa\u0161ist\u00e9 a 13 stalinist\u00e9. Celkem tis\u00edce n\u011bmeck\u00fdch komunist\u016f byly uv\u011bzn\u011bny v SSSR, stovky z nich um\u0159ely na n\u00e1sledky v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed. Jejich "zlo\u010diny" v\u011bt\u0161inou spo\u010d\u00edvaly v tom, ze byli podez\u00edr\u00e1ni m\u00edt jin\u00fd n\u00e1zor ne\u017e veden\u00ed SSSR, v\u0161echno ostatn\u00ed se jim podsouvalo. Stalin p\u0159itom ov\u0161em pron\u00e1sledoval hlavn\u011b vedouc\u00ed funkcion\u00e1\u0159e KSN, zat\u00edmco Hitler usiloval o \u00fapln\u00e9 zni\u010den\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho marxistick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed a nechal zat\u00fdkat a zavra\u017edit i oby\u010dejn\u00e9 \u010dleny. <\/p>\n

Veden\u00ed KSN, kter\u00e9 emigrovalo do SSSR, nem\u011blo mo\u017enosti ani odvahu t\u011bmto \u010distk\u00e1m zabr\u00e1nit. Po podeps\u00e1n\u00ed smlouvy o p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed byla ujedn\u00e1na spolupr\u00e1ce i v jin\u00fdch oblastech. K tomu pat\u0159ilo i vyd\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdch odboj\u00e1\u0159\u016f do rukou gestapa. T\u011b\u017eko lze pochopit, co tito lid\u00e9 poci\u0165ovali, kdy\u017e je vlastn\u00ed "soudruzi" vydali \u00fahlavn\u00edmu nep\u0159\u00edteli. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Smlouva o ne\u00fato\u010den\u00ed mezi SSSR a N\u011bmeckem a jej\u00ed vliv na \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd odboj<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/397"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=397"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/397\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}