{"id":441,"date":"2020-06-28T00:26:46","date_gmt":"2020-06-27T22:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2008\/08\/20\/co-pedchazelo-korejske-valce\/"},"modified":"2020-06-26T00:03:51","modified_gmt":"2020-06-25T22:03:51","slug":"co-pedchazelo-korejske-valce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2020\/06\/28\/co-pedchazelo-korejske-valce\/","title":{"rendered":"Co p\u0159edch\u00e1zelo \u201ekorejsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce\u201c ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dnes u\u017e nikdo nev\u00ed, jak vznikla korejsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka 25.6.1950. Pr\u00fd pohrani\u010dn\u00edmi p\u0159est\u0159elkami, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017eil zlo\u010dinn\u00fd severokorejsk\u00fd stalinsk\u00fd re\u017eim, kter\u00fd \u010dekal na z\u00e1minku, aby mohl vtrhnout na jih.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"korea_north\"<\/p>\n

Jedin\u011b tak lze pr\u00fd vysv\u011btlit rychl\u00fd postup Severokorejc\u016f (u\u017e \u010dtvrt\u00fd den v\u00e1lky byl osvobozen Soul<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Je tomu ale skute\u010dn\u011b tak? Historik Bruce Cumings<\/em> z Univerzity v Chicagu, kter\u00fd se specializuje na modern\u00ed korejsk\u00e9 d\u011bjiny, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee invazi vojsk KLDR na jih 25. \u010dervna 1950 p\u0159edch\u00e1zelo \u201en\u011bkolik jihokorejsk\u00fdch vp\u00e1d\u016f na sever.“<\/em> (1)<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto severn\u00ed Korei z\u016fstane nav\u017edy punc agresora.<\/p>\n

Zamysleli jste se v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 nad t\u00edm, pro\u010d n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 americk\u00e1 \u201epomoc\u201c a vojska dal\u0161\u00edch 15 st\u00e1t\u016f dostaly statut \u201evojsk OSN\u201c<\/em> ? Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee k tomu do\u0161lo? Pro\u010d Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz nevyu\u017eil sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va veta?<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed roky OSN byly poznamen\u00e1ny tzv. \u201ehlasovac\u00ed ma\u0161in\u00e9ri\u00ed\u201c<\/em>, kdy v\u0161echny, pro USA nepohodln\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy, byly snadno p\u0159ehlasov\u00e1ny v\u011bt\u0161inou st\u0159edo a jihoamerick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Mnoh\u00e9 samostatn\u00e9 st\u00e1ty Afriky a Asie, jak je zn\u00e1me dnes, je\u0161t\u011b neexistovaly, byly to kolonie. Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz a jeho n\u011bkolik v\u00fdchodoevropsk\u00fdch spojenc\u016f, nem\u011bli \u0161anci cokoliv prosadit.<\/p>\n

Tak tomu bylo i zde. 13.1.1950 Rada bezpe\u010dnosti<\/em> zam\u00edtla n\u00e1vrh na vylou\u010den\u00ed Thajwanu<\/em> (kter\u00fd tak dr\u017eel m\u00edsto v OSN m\u00edsto \u010c\u00edny, nam\u00edsto \u010cLR) z OSN. Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 delegace na protest proti tomuto rozhodnut\u00ed\u00a0p\u0159eru\u0161ila svou \u00fa\u010dast ve v\u0161ech org\u00e1nech OSN. Tedy i v Rad\u011b bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/em> (2) A pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto obdob\u00ed vypukla korejsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka.<\/em><\/p>\n

Svolan\u00e1 Rada bezpe\u010dnosti OSN<\/em> bez probl\u00e9m\u016f ozna\u010dila Severn\u00ed Koreu<\/em> za agresora a pomoc Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji<\/em> tak dostala vlajku OSN. Po t\u00e9to ud\u00e1losti se SSSR do 1.8.1950 vr\u00e1til k \u010dinnosti OSN, ale bylo u\u017e pozd\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed? Za\u010d\u00ednal by agresor \u2013 tedy Severn\u00ed Korea<\/em> \u2013 v\u00e1lku v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by nem\u011bl diplomatick\u00e9 kryt\u00ed od sv\u00fdch spojenc\u016f?<\/p>\n

A nebo z jin\u00e9 strany \u2013 ne\u010dekalo se pr\u00e1v\u011b na tento okam\u017eik? Nedal SSSR t\u00edmto sv\u00fdm krokem (mo\u017en\u00e1 i vyprovokovan\u00fdm aroganc\u00ed USA v OSN) vhodnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k vyprovokov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1lky?<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed padl i dal\u0161\u00ed m\u00fdtus.<\/p>\n

S postupem severokorejsk\u00fdch sil na jih v l\u00e9t\u011b 1950 za\u010daly jihokorejsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da a policie vyprazd\u0148ovat sv\u00e9 v\u011bznice, shroma\u017e\u010fovat v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 aktivisty a roln\u00edky a popravovat je st\u0159elen\u00edm do hlavy a cp\u00e1t mrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla do sp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vykopan\u00fdch jam. Dal\u0161\u00ed byli svr\u017eeni do opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch dol\u016f nebo do mo\u0159e. Mezi nebo\u017e\u00e1ky byly \u017eeny a d\u011bti. Pozd\u011bji byly dal\u0161\u00ed tis\u00edce Jihokorejc\u016f zavra\u017ed\u011bny, nebo\u0165 je jihokorejsk\u00e9 s\u00edly pova\u017eovaly za sympatizanty Severokorejc\u016f. Historik Kim Dong-choon<\/em>, stoj\u00edc\u00ed v \u010dele Komise pro pravdu a sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, je\u017e se ji\u017e dva roky sna\u017e\u00ed analyzovat skute\u010dnou podstatu masakr\u016f, tvrd\u00ed: \u201eTato zv\u011brstva p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejbrut\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejtragi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kapitolu Korejsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.\u201c<\/em> \u010c\u00e1st d\u016fkaz\u016f o krveprolit\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed z odtajn\u011bn\u00fdch dokument\u016f americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, v\u010detn\u011b fotografi\u00ed zachycuj\u00edc\u00edch masov\u00e9 zab\u00edjen\u00ed. (3)<\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, podle sedmn\u00e1cti vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u016f Komise pro pravdu a sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, se na jatk\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edmo pod\u00edlela, jako\u017eto i b\u011bhem samotn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, a to hlavn\u011b masivn\u00edm bombardov\u00e1n\u00edm civiln\u00edch objekt\u016f. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty se sna\u017eily zodpov\u011bdnost za rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 masakrov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst na vrub Severn\u00ed Koreji<\/em>. Tyto m\u00fdty p\u0159e\u017eily p\u016fl stolet\u00ed. (1)<\/p>\n

Tyto \u00fadaje \u2013 tedy mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00fdch, v\u010detn\u011b \u017een a d\u011bt\u00ed \u2013 nesv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed zrovna o tom, \u017ee by Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea byla p\u0159ed korejskou v\u00e1lkou zrovna vzor b\u016fhv\u00edjak\u00e9 demokracie.<\/p>\n

Pozn.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

(1) Daniel Vesel\u00fd: Hork\u00e9 l\u00e9to roku 1950 v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji. Britsk\u00e9 listy, 13.8.2008. Internet:\u00a0<\/em>https:\/\/legacy.blisty.cz\/art\/42085.html<\/a><\/u><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Politick\u00e9 d\u011bjiny sv\u011bta v datech. II. Svoboda, Praha, 1980, s. 892.<\/em><\/p>\n

(3) Co se d\u011blo v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji? NoS, 22.2.2017. Online: http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2017\/09\/13\/co-se-delo-v-jizni-koreji\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dnes u\u017e nikdo nev\u00ed, jak vznikla korejsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka 25.6.1950. Pr\u00fd pohrani\u010dn\u00edmi p\u0159est\u0159elkami, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017eil zlo\u010dinn\u00fd severokorejsk\u00fd stalinsk\u00fd re\u017eim, kter\u00fd \u010dekal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3087,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8,9],"tags":[73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=441"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3088,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441\/revisions\/3088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}