{"id":45,"date":"2007-11-02T21:08:05","date_gmt":"2007-11-02T20:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/11\/02\/znovu-nad-modelem-socialismu\/"},"modified":"2007-11-02T21:08:05","modified_gmt":"2007-11-02T20:08:05","slug":"znovu-nad-modelem-socialismu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/11\/02\/znovu-nad-modelem-socialismu\/","title":{"rendered":"Znovu nad modelem socialismu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kscm.cz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-42\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/11\/kscm.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"kscm\" title=\"kscm\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" width=\"55\" height=\"51\" align=\"left\" \/><\/a>Pat\u0159\u00edm k t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edleli na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edch verz\u00ed modelu socialismu.  <\/p>\n<p> <!--more--> <\/p>\n<p> Mus\u00edm se p\u0159iznat, \u017ee posledn\u00ed verze, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 zajistit \u0161irok\u00fd vnitrostranick\u00fd konsenzus, mne neuspokojuje. Za hlavn\u00ed k\u00e1men \u00farazu a tak\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 bitevn\u00ed pole pova\u017euji ot\u00e1zku t\u00e9 formy vlastnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 bude jednou z\u00e1kladem nov\u00e9, a doufejme, \u017ee tentokr\u00e1t ji\u017e \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 formy socialismu.  <\/p>\n<p> Abych byl dob\u0159e pochopen &#8211; je mi jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tato nov\u00e1 forma se na sv\u00e9m po\u010d\u00e1tku ur\u010dit\u011b nebude vyzna\u010dovat monolitnost\u00ed vlastnick\u00fdch forem &#8211; ostatn\u011b o tom hovo\u0159\u00ed i velmi dobr\u00e1 definice socialismu, obsa\u017een\u00e1 v programu Nad\u011bje pro \u010cR schv\u00e1len\u00e9m VI. sjezdem KS\u010cM v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch. Lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee v dob\u011b, kdy bude dosa\u017eeno nutn\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 kvality socialismu jako ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze komunistick\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 formace, bude je\u0161t\u011b vedle sebe existovat kapitalistick\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, st\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, malobur\u017eoazn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed a, te\u010f pozor, samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podnik\u016f, obc\u00ed, region\u016f, organizac\u00ed typu odbor\u016f \u010di dal\u0161\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo v\u0161ak v\u00ed n\u011bco o d\u011bjin\u00e1ch a je schopen k nim p\u0159istupovat z hlediska marxistick\u00e9 metodologie, v\u0161ak ch\u00e1pe, \u017ee p\u0159i ve\u0161ker\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159echodnosti a po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed pluralit\u011b existuje jedna forma vlastnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je pro ka\u017ed\u00fd syst\u00e9m prvotn\u00ed a integruj\u00edc\u00ed. Toto vlastnictv\u00ed je tak\u00e9 v\u017edy vlastnictv\u00edm realizovan\u00fdm ur\u010ditou konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddou, kter\u00e1 je v dan\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu t\u0159\u00eddou re\u00e1ln\u011b vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed. Jak\u00e9 je vlastnictv\u00ed, tak vypad\u00e1 i politick\u00e1 moc. V kapitalismu \u0161lo a zase jde o vlastnictv\u00ed kapitalistick\u00e9 a t\u0159\u00eddu bur\u017eoazie (dnes glob\u00e1ln\u00ed), v prvn\u00ed historick\u00e9 form\u011b socialismu o vlastnictv\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u011b byrokratick\u00e9, jeho\u017e rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm subjektem byla t\u0159\u00edda \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho apar\u00e1tu &#8211; jak tomu bude s vlastnictv\u00edm a t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed dominanc\u00ed v nov\u00e9, tentokr\u00e1te ji\u017e definitivn\u00ed form\u011b socialismu?  <\/p>\n<p> V\u00e1clav Jumr v \u010dl\u00e1nku (Hal\u00f3 noviny, 9. \u010dervence) \u0159e\u0161\u00ed tuto ot\u00e1zku jednozna\u010dn\u011b &#8211; p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako vlastnick\u00fd z\u00e1klad syst\u00e9mu st\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed v tzv. silov\u00fdch sektorech n\u00e1rodn\u00ed ekonomiky. K ot\u00e1zce soci\u00e1ln\u00edch skupin, kter\u00e9 budou toto vlastnictv\u00ed realizovat, se sice nevyjad\u0159uje &#8211; ale kdo by to mohl b\u00fdt jin\u00fd ne\u017e profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed apar\u00e1t st\u00e1tu, mo\u017en\u00e1 jako v minul\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, form\u00e1ln\u011b omezen\u00fd n\u011bjak\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi limity vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00edmi iluz\u00ed, \u017ee do toho mohou mluvit v\u0161ichni ob\u010dan\u00e9 st\u00e1tu. V realit\u011b by to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nefungovalo. St\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ni\u010d\u00edm jin\u00fdm ne\u017e vlastnictv\u00edm provozovan\u00fdm \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edm apar\u00e1tem, a to se v\u0161emi probl\u00e9my dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi z minulosti &#8211; s nez\u00e1jmem pracuj\u00edc\u00edch o pr\u00e1ci a hospoda\u0159en\u00ed, s rozporem mezi my a oni , se snahou \u0159adov\u00fdch pracuj\u00edc\u00edch minimalizovat sv\u00e9 povinnosti, nep\u0159etrhnout se v pr\u00e1ci, eventu\u00e1ln\u011b si trochu p\u0159ikr\u00e1dat ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho. A pr\u00e1v\u011b na to dojel minul\u00fd syst\u00e9m &#8211; o tom u\u017e historie jednozna\u010dn\u011b rozhodla, to ostatn\u011b ch\u00e1pou i v \u010c\u00edn\u011b a Vietnamu, kde se ohl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e po soukromokapitalistick\u00e9m vlastnictv\u00ed.  <\/p>\n<p> Nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m u\u017e nebude ani kapitalistick\u00fdm vlastnick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem (znovu opakuji, \u017ee mluv\u00edm o ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm vlastnick\u00e9m sektoru), ani syst\u00e9mem st\u00e1tn\u011b byrokratick\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho apar\u00e1tu. Zb\u00fdv\u00e1 jenom jedin\u00e1, je\u0161t\u011b nevyzkou\u0161en\u00e1 cesta &#8211; cesta samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnaneck\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m je \u010dlov\u011bk nejen pracuj\u00edc\u00edm, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 i velmi konkr\u00e9tn\u011b funguj\u00edc\u00edm a tak\u00e9 \u00fam\u011brn\u011b sv\u00e9 vlastnick\u00e9 anga\u017eovanosti p\u0159\u00edjmy pob\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edm spoluvlastn\u00edkem &#8211; mluv\u00edm o tom, co znal minul\u00fd syst\u00e9m v dru\u017estevnictv\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v agrokomplexech typu Slu\u0161ovic, co znaly a znaj\u00ed lid\u00e9 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00edch, nap\u0159. v severo\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9m Mondragonu, apod. Tohle mus\u00ed b\u00fdt z\u00e1kladem socialismu a st\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt k tomu jen dopl\u0148kov\u00fdm sektorem, ve kter\u00e9m bude st\u00e1le v\u00edce zav\u00e1d\u011bna spolu\u00fa\u010dast pracuj\u00edc\u00edch na \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a zisku, tedy sektorem, kter\u00fd se se samospr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sektorem bude st\u00e1le v\u00edce sbli\u017eovat. Ch\u00e1pu, \u017ee pochopit tuto skute\u010dnost nen\u00ed lehk\u00e9 pro mnoho \u010dlen\u016f strany odchovan\u00fdch minul\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem, zejm\u00e9na pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky b\u00fdval\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho apar\u00e1tu. Samospr\u00e1va se jim jev\u00ed jako n\u011bco utopick\u00e9ho, nere\u00e1ln\u00e9ho, a to se ur\u010dit\u011b projev\u00ed i ve vnitrostranick\u00e9 diskusi.  <\/p>\n<p> Na z\u00e1v\u011br bych proto cht\u011bl p\u0159ipomenout jeden zn\u00e1m\u00fd apokryf Karla \u010capka, ve kter\u00e9m pra\u010dlov\u011bk Jane\u010dek p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b dokazuje, \u017ee ta nov\u00e1 forma pazourkov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f se nem\u016f\u017ee ujmout, a dodat takov\u00fdch Jane\u010dk\u016f u\u017e v historii bylo.  <\/p>\n<p> Josef HELLER, KS\u010cM  <\/p>\n<p> Hal\u00f3 noviny 14. \u010dervence 2007  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pat\u0159\u00edm k t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edleli na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edch verz\u00ed modelu socialismu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[5],"tags":[12,13],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}