{"id":544,"date":"2007-01-31T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-01-30T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/01\/31\/kapital-proti-demokracii-9\/"},"modified":"2007-01-31T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2007-01-30T23:00:00","slug":"kapital-proti-demokracii-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/01\/31\/kapital-proti-demokracii-9\/","title":{"rendered":"KAPIT\u00c1L PROTI DEMOKRACII (9)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"logo\"D\u011bjiny p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9. <\/p>\n

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V \u010dem spat\u0159uj\u00ed ti, kdo \u201etr\u017en\u00ed globalizaci" uvedli do chodu a profituj\u00ed z n\u00ed, ,budoucnost svobody"? V knize, vydan\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b pod t\u00edmto n\u00e1zvem, se t\u00edm pozoruhodn\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 Fareed Zakaria. \u0158\u00edd\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fdden\u00edku Neewsweek a s\u00e1m \u010dasto vystupuje na jeho str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch i v americk\u00e9 televizi ABC. Dokud \u0161lo o to, zbavit se rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky, je\u017e st\u00e1la v cest\u011b front\u00e1ln\u00edmu revan\u0161i kapit\u00e1lu proti demokracii, na \u201esvobodn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch" v aran\u017em\u00e1, v n\u011bm\u017e si kapit\u00e1l – nejl\u00e9pe rovnou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed – hrav\u011b koup\u00ed k\u00fd\u017een\u00fd v\u00fdsledek, se trvalo s nadm\u00edru pedantickou akribi\u00ed a velk\u00fdm karatelsk\u00fdm humbukem. Derni\u00e9rou t\u011bchto komedi\u00ed jsou \u201eoran\u017eov\u00e9", \u201etulip\u00e1nov\u00e9" a v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed \u201erevoluce", je\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b \u201espont\u00e1nn\u011b" p\u0159eskakuj\u00ed z jedn\u00e9 z b\u00fdval\u00fdch sov\u011btsk\u00fdch republik do druh\u00e9. A proto\u017ee tady je, za dne\u0161n\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho pom\u011bru, o v\u00fdsledku rozhodnuto p\u0159edem, u\u017e se ani p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neskr\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee tyto p\u0159evraty \u0159\u00edd\u00ed specializovan\u00e9 agentury – a ze zahrani\u010dn\u00edch fond\u016f se plat\u00ed nejen stany po n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00edch, p\u00e1rky, pivo a vodka, ale i dolarov\u00fd \u201edenn\u00ed honor\u00e1\u0159" ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo vydr\u017e\u00ed skandovat, co se po n\u011bm \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1, od r\u00e1na a\u017e do ve\u010dera. Tam v\u0161ak, kde \u201eglobalizace" lidi zah\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e pod pr\u00e1h v\u0161\u00ed d\u016fstojnosti – a na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u201eb\u00fdval\u00e9 nomenklaturn\u00ed k\u00e1dry" to nelze sv\u00e9st ani s nasazen\u00edm v\u0161\u00ed fantasmagorie – pr\u00fd r\u00e1zem hroz\u00ed \u201eprobl\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 demokracie". <\/p>\n

Fareed Zakaria je mu\u017e nem\u00e1lo se\u010dt\u011bl\u00fd. \u010cten\u00e1\u0159e s bravurou bombarduje t\u00edm, co o \u201etyranii v\u011bt\u0161iny" v d\u016fsledku \u201ep\u0159ebytku demokracie" soudili u\u017e Aristoteles, v trochu jin\u00e9 poloze Immanuel Kant a jin\u00e9 veli\u010diny. Pokud jde o zem\u011b, jejich\u017e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edm je isl\u00e1m, ty \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 rovnou pojmout jako \u201ev\u00fdjimku" en bloc: \u201eArab\u0161t\u00ed vl\u00e1dcov\u00e9 St\u0159edn\u00edho v\u00fdchodu jsou autokrati\u010dt\u00ed, zkorumpovan\u00ed a maj\u00ed tvrdou ruku. St\u00e1le jsou v\u0161ak liber\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, tolerantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a pluralisti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e co by k moci p\u0159i\u0161lo m\u00edsto nich. Volby v mnoha arabsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch by katapultovaly politiky n\u00e1zorov\u011b bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed Us\u00e1movi bin L\u00e1dinovi ne\u017e jord\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu liber\u00e1ln\u00edmu monarchovi kr\u00e1li Abdull\u00e1hovi." Dnes se ov\u0161em m\u016f\u017ee dvoj\u00ed metr u\u017e\u00edvat bez uzard\u011bn\u00ed a nejmen\u0161\u00edho omezen\u00ed: \u201eDok\u00e1\u017eete si p\u0159edstavit volby, kter\u00e9 budou svobodn\u00e9 a spravedliv\u00e9, av\u0161ak vyhraj\u00ed v nich rasist\u00e9, fa\u0161ist\u00e9 a separatist\u00e9? V tom tkv\u00ed na\u0161e dilema!" cituje Zakaria americk\u00e9ho diplomata Richarda Holbrooka na adresu Jugosl\u00e1vie rozpadaj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u00e1v\u011b – za aktivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dasti Richarda Holbrooka. Zakaria v\u00ed dob\u0159e, co tak\u00e9 v knize barvit\u011b dokl\u00e1d\u00e1: pro\u010d se mus\u00ed jako \u010dert k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee b\u00e1t v des\u00edtk\u00e1ch a des\u00edtk\u00e1ch zem\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b \u201esvobodn\u00fdch voleb" – Amerika, pasuj\u00edc\u00ed se za ide\u00e1l i glob\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u011brozv\u011bsta demokracie. Pro region, kter\u00fd u\u017e r\u00e1\u010dil arbitr\u00e1rn\u011b shledat \u201ev\u00fdjimkou", z toho vyvozuje bez skrupul\u00ed: \u201eZ\u00e1pad mus\u00ed
p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm uznat, \u017ee mu na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b nejde o demokracii – p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm prozat\u00edm." Zakaria samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00ed i to, \u017ee takhle natvrdo to lze jen s velk\u00fdm rizikem pod\u00e1vat jako univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed recept. \u017de ti, jejich\u017e jm\u00e9nem sv\u00e9 u\u010den\u00e9 piruety vyt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed i m\u00e9n\u011b skand\u00e1ln\u00ed variantu, jak ze \u0161lamastyky, kterou si nava\u0159ili chamtiv\u00fdm triumfalismem \u201ev\u00edt\u011bz\u016f studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky". \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed je to pr\u00e1v\u011b tak elastick\u00e9, jak si t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 doba \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1; nelze-li up\u0159\u00edt demokratick\u00fd postup komukoli z t\u011bch, kdo Zakariov\u00fdm klient\u016fm nevon\u00ed, tyto zem\u011b t\u0159eba ocejchovat jako – \u201eneliber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie". Do tohoto kotl\u00edku sv\u00e9vole se Zakariovi vejde jak v\u011bt\u0161ina rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed, tak Rusko, \u010c\u00edna nebo Venezuela za Huga Ch\u00e1veze. Prost\u011b v\u0161ichni, koho lze sotva hanobit rovnou jako \u201etot\u00e1\u010d", neklan\u00ed se v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 u t\u011bch spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch vrbi\u010dek. Tuhle radost zase d\u011blaj\u00ed Washingtonu – a v\u0161em, koho je l\u00eddrem – des\u00edtky zem\u00ed, je\u017e nelze spojovat s demokraci\u00ed ani s o\u010dima hodn\u011b p\u0159iv\u0159en\u00fdma.
P\u0159esto v\u0161ak maj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b ony slout vzorem – \u201ekonstitu\u010dn\u00edho liberalismu". <\/p>\n

Zakaria v\u00ed, jak tenounk\u00fd je led, na kter\u00e9m m\u00e1 p\u0159ist\u00e1t tenhle trojit\u00fd rittberger. Tam, kde by to ohrozilo z\u00e1jmy, jich\u017e je advok\u00e1tem, neradno \u017e\u00e1dat \u201ev\u0161eobecn\u00e9 revoluce". Tady je nam\u00edst\u011b jen – \u201epostupn\u00e1 politick\u00e1 reforma". Ta m\u00e1 dobroty liberalismu zav\u00e1d\u011bt nejen po kapi\u010dk\u00e1ch, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9k\u00e1rnicky selektivn\u011b. V podstat\u011b jenom \u201eekonomick\u00e9 reformy", \u201ez\u00e1rodky skute\u010dn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy pr\u00e1va (kapitalismus pot\u0159ebuje smlouvy), otev\u0159enost sv\u00e9tu, p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm a, co\u017eje mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u016fbec nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, rozvoj podnikatelsk\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy". \u010c\u00edm se to li\u0161\u00ed – od washingtonsk\u00e9ho konsenzu"? Co to m\u00e1 spole\u010dn\u00e9ho – s demokraci\u00ed? <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n

Z knihy Sk\u00e1la, J.: D\u011bjiny psan\u00e9 kur\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a p\u0159episovan\u00e9 zbab\u011blci. OREGO, Praha 2005 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u011bjiny p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=544"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}