{"id":57,"date":"2007-11-05T15:12:13","date_gmt":"2007-11-05T14:12:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/11\/05\/k-modelu-socialismu-12\/"},"modified":"2007-11-05T15:12:13","modified_gmt":"2007-11-05T14:12:13","slug":"k-modelu-socialismu-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/11\/05\/k-modelu-socialismu-12\/","title":{"rendered":"K modelu socialismu (12)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"kscm\"<\/a>Zhruba takov\u00e9 jsou podm\u00ednky objektivn\u00edho zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed toho, co se skute\u010dn\u011b stalo. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Je fale\u0161n\u00e9 si myslet, \u017ee nazna\u010den\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o objektivn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed povede k apologetice, k ospravedl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb, k zaml\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nepohodln\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f,zaml\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159ekrucov\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed. \u00dasil\u00ed o objektivnost nelze zam\u011b\u0148ovat fale\u0161n\u00fdm objektivismem, kter\u00fd je rodn\u00fdm bratrem fatalismu, marxismu naprosto ciz\u00edmu. Naopak: teprve takov\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed je schopno odhalit skute\u010dn\u00e9 chyby a sk\u00fdtat skute\u010dn\u00e1 a hodnotn\u00e1 pou\u010den\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edtomnost a budoucnost, nebo\u0165 onen p\u0159\u00edstup je t\u0159eba po\u017eadovat nejen v\u016f\u010di minulosti, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u00cd sou\u010dasnosti a budoucnosti. <\/p>\n

Teprve s uv\u00e1\u017een\u00edm nazna\u010den\u00fdch postup\u016f mo\u017eno p\u0159istoupit k hodnocen\u00ed, aby bylo co mo\u017eno v\u0161estrann\u00e9 a co nejobjektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, skute\u010dn\u011b \u201epadni, komu padni". <\/p>\n

Realita RS se vyzna\u010dovala \u0159adou zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed a jedine\u010dnost\u00ed, jednou ignorovan\u00fdch nebo podce\u0148ovan\u00fdch, podruh\u00e9 p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch. Upozorn\u011bme tady aspo\u0148 na n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 z nich. Ty nejen\u017ee neb\u00fdvaj\u00ed a nejsou ch\u00e1p\u00e1ny jako zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed a jedine\u010dn\u00e9 projevy podstaty p\u0159echodu od kapitalismu k socialismu. Jsou ztoto\u017e\u0148ov\u00e1ny s podstatou socialismu jako takov\u00e9ho, k n\u011bmu\u017e teprve sm\u011b\u0159ovaly. A co je je\u0161t\u011b nehor\u00e1zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed -jsou sm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1ny s t\u00edm, k \u010demu byl re\u00e1ln\u00fd socialismus donucov\u00e1n okolnostmi, jeho samov\u00fdvoji ciz\u00edmi a dokonce nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdmi. <\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou ony zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti a jedine\u010dnosti? <\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edln\u00e9 podm\u00ednky n\u00e1stupu k socialismu <\/p>\n

V souvislosti s imperialistickou prvn\u00ed sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lkou, nespravedlivou z obou stran – \u0161lo o p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd boj za svr\u017een\u00ed kapitalismu, klasicky t\u0159\u00edda proti t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. V d\u016fsledku toho, ve VRSR, jasn\u00e9 vyhrocen\u00ed a vyjeven\u00ed rozporu kapitalismu a (by\u0165 teprve v t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edho) socialismu. <\/p>\n

Naproti tomu – v souvislosti s druhou sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lkou proti fa\u0161istick\u00fdm mocnostem, vedenou za t\u0159\u00eddn\u011b kompromisn\u00edho spojenectv\u00ed socialistick\u00fdch sil se silami bur\u017eoazn\u00ed demokracie, cesta k socialismu oklikou p\u0159es lidovou demokracii. Spolu s p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f onoho po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho kompromisu – ur\u010dit\u00e9 zaml\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edho rozporu kapitalismu a socialismu. (Toto bude t\u0159eba konkretizovat -jinde – p\u0159i anal\u00fdze \u201ena\u0161\u00ed \u010ds. cesty k socialismu"). <\/p>\n

2. V\u00fdvoj v jedn\u00e9 osam\u011bl\u00e9 zemi – a v\u00fdvoj ve v\u00edce zem\u00edch, podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd mno\u017estv\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edch zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed, dan\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161lo o v\u00edce (odd\u011blen\u00fdch – NB!) zem\u00ed. <\/p>\n

3. Nutnost p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed minulosti, dan\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina k socialismu nastupuj\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00ed \u010d\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f byla nedostate\u010dn\u011b rozvinut\u00e1. <\/p>\n

4. Internacionalita, vy\u017eadovan\u00e1 (sp\u00ed\u0161e) politicky. Nedostate\u010dn\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd tlak ve sm\u011bru k integraci. <\/p>\n

5. P\u0159evzet\u00ed v podstat\u011b p\u0159edv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho versaillesk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s d\u011bdictv\u00edm jeho nacion\u00e1ln\u011b politick\u00e9 problematiky. <\/p>\n

6. Nestejn\u00fd, \u010dasto velmi rozd\u00edln\u00fd soci\u00e1ln\u011b politick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00edch. (Odtud mluven\u00ed o r\u016fzn\u00fdch modelech – v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle.) To zt\u011b\u017euje zaujmout postoj k tzv. re\u00e1ln\u00e9mu socialismu jako celkov\u00e9mu jevu, tj. rozli\u0161ovat to, co bylo v\u0161em zem\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00e9 – a co bylo u nich jedine\u010dn\u00e9, jen jim vlastn\u00ed, a co m\u016f\u017ee \u010di mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159edm\u011btem anal\u00fdz, p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch zde n\u00e1mi sledovan\u00fd obecn\u011b modelov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. <\/p>\n

Existuje je\u0161t\u011b jeden velik\u00fd teoreticko – metodologick\u00fd probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 mimo ve\u0161kerou pozornost, t\u0159eba\u017ee m\u00e1 pro posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b socialismu dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9 d\u016fsledky. <\/p>\n

Element\u00e1rn\u00edm v\u00fdchodiskem hodnocen\u00ed je zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a vymezen\u00ed spolehliv\u00fdch, hodnov\u011brn\u00fdch fakt. To u\u017e samo o sob\u011b p\u0159edstavuje slo\u017eit\u00fd a rozporupln\u00fd \u00fakol. Jde pak o pom\u011br k on\u011bm fakt\u016fm. V\u0161imn\u011bme si jedn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m otev\u0159e opom\u00edjen\u00fd a p\u0159itom objevn\u00fd pohled nejen na problematiku minul\u00e9ho socialismu, n\u00fdbr\u017e i na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zhruba takov\u00e9 jsou podm\u00ednky objektivn\u00edho zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed toho, co se skute\u010dn\u011b stalo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[5],"tags":[18],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}