{"id":624,"date":"2007-06-06T15:43:08","date_gmt":"2007-06-06T13:43:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/06\/06\/demokracie-a-jaderne-zbran-2\/"},"modified":"2007-06-06T15:43:08","modified_gmt":"2007-06-06T13:43:08","slug":"demokracie-a-jaderne-zbran-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/06\/06\/demokracie-a-jaderne-zbran-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Demokracie a jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b (2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"rusgp\"DVA DRUHY KONTROLY NAD VOJENSKOU POLITIKOU <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Politickou kontrolou nad vojenskou, v\u010detn\u011b jadern\u00e9, politikou st\u00e1tu se obvykle rozum\u00ed ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed \u00faloha politick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed zem\u011b v p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edch rozhodnut\u00ed v t\u00e9to oblasti.
Demokratick\u00e1 kontrola je pojem mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 \u010diny ze strany z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e9 moci p\u0159i tvorb\u011b vojensk\u00e9 politiky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm takov\u00fdch mechanism\u016f jako rozpo\u010det na obranu, schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch program\u016f a pl\u00e1n\u016f rozvoje ozbrojen\u00fdch sil, ratifikace smluv o omezov\u00e1n\u00ed zbrojen\u00ed a odzbrojen\u00ed. Aby takov\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed bylo \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, je t\u0159eba zna\u010dn\u00e9 otev\u0159enosti vojensk\u00fdch informac\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pak jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed systematick\u00e1 projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9mat v hromadn\u00fdch sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch a specializovan\u00fdch publikac\u00edch: v opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se parlament stane rukojm\u00edm politiky v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch resort\u016f. Politick\u00e1 kontrola se m\u016f\u017ee uskute\u010d\u0148ovat bez demokratick\u00e9. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v totalitn\u00edch nebo autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech se realizuje skrz org\u00e1ny vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strany a dohled tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. <\/p>\n

Naopak demokratick\u00e1 kontrola a evidence nemohou b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1ny bez politick\u00e9 kontroly, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm institut politick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed silov\u00fdch struktur. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee v \u010dele p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch resort\u016f jsou z\u00e1stupci l\u00eddra v t\u011bchto resortech (zpravidla civilist\u00e9), a nikoliv lid\u00e9 z \u0159ad vojensk\u00e9 byrokracie, kte\u0159\u00ed reprezentuj\u00ed jej\u00ed z\u00e1jmy u prezidenta nebo premi\u00e9ra. Bez kontroly ze strany politick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e1 moc nejsou s to p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148ovat mohutn\u00fd, korporativn\u011b semknut\u00fd a do sebe uzav\u0159en\u00fd vojensk\u00fd establishment. <\/p>\n

Jinak \u0159e\u010deno, politick\u00e1 kontrola veden\u00ed nad v\u00fdkonn\u00fdmi resorty je ned\u00edlnou slo\u017ekou demokratick\u00e9 kontroly a evidence ve sf\u00e9\u0159e st\u00e1tn\u00ed politiky v\u0161eobecn\u011b a vojensk\u00e9 politiky zejm\u00e9na. <\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9m Rusku se demokratick\u00e1 kontrola nad jadernou politikou dosud nestala skute\u010dnost\u00ed. Za prv\u00e9, ob\u010dansk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e1 moc (\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vzhledem k vlastn\u00ed slabosti a tak\u00e9 vzhledem k v\u0161emo\u017en\u00e9mu posilov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ev\u00fdkonn\u00e9 vertik\u00e1ly\u201c) m\u00e1lo ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed politiku v\u016fbec, je\u0161t\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b pak tak slo\u017eitou a tajnou oblast, jako je vojensk\u00e1 politika, a ji\u017e v\u016fbec ne jej\u00ed \u201esv\u00e1tost\u201c \u2013 sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti jadern\u00e9ho vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9, samotn\u00e9 polo\u017een\u00ed ot\u00e1zky po demokratick\u00e9 kontrole a evidenci v t\u00e9to sf\u00e9\u0159e m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat v lep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fadiv, v hor\u0161\u00edm podez\u0159en\u00ed ze zlo\u010dinn\u00fdch z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f. Velice slo\u017eit\u00e1 konstrukce jadern\u00e9 v\u00fdzbroje a ji obklopuj\u00edc\u00ed utajen\u00ed (a to nejen v Rusku, ale i na Z\u00e1pad\u011b, i kdy\u017e v podstatn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e), specifick\u00fd charakter JaZ, zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed strategii a pl\u00e1ny jej\u00edho pou\u017eit\u00ed, to v\u0161e m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat dojem, \u017ee kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zku po demokratick\u00e9 kontrole v t\u00e9to oblasti je absurdn\u00ed. <\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto je tato ot\u00e1zka nejen opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1, n\u00fdbr\u017e i nanejv\u00fd\u0161e aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed v rusk\u00e9 politice obrany a bezpe\u010dnosti. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n

RUSKO V GLOB\u00c1LN\u00cd POLITICE \u2022 \u00daNOR \u2022 2006 – http:\/\/www.globalaffairs.cz\/<\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DVA DRUHY KONTROLY NAD VOJENSKOU POLITIKOU<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":350,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[9],"tags":[101],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=624"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}