{"id":629,"date":"2007-06-06T15:56:11","date_gmt":"2007-06-06T13:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/06\/06\/demokracie-a-jaderne-zbran-7\/"},"modified":"2007-06-06T15:56:11","modified_gmt":"2007-06-06T13:56:11","slug":"demokracie-a-jaderne-zbran-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/06\/06\/demokracie-a-jaderne-zbran-7\/","title":{"rendered":"Demokracie a jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b (7)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-350\" src=\"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/08\/rusgp.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"rusgp\" title=\"rusgp\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" width=\"80\" height=\"75\" align=\"left\" \/>CESTA K \u0158E\u0160EN\u00cd PROBL\u00c9MU  <\/p>\n<p> <!--more--> <\/p>\n<p> Je pochopiteln\u00e9, \u017ee odtajn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00edch vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dliv\u011b zv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Je mnoho informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba dr\u017eet v tajnosti. Vztahuje se to na technick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mnoha existuj\u00edc\u00edch i perspektivn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f zbran\u00ed a jadern\u00fdch bojov\u00fdch n\u00e1lo\u017e\u00ed, syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u00fdstrahy, operativn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny bojov\u00e9ho nasazen\u00ed sil a seznamy c\u00edl\u016f. Podobn\u00e1 praxe s utajov\u00e1n\u00edm je p\u0159ijata i ve zcela demokratick\u00fdch zem\u00edch \u2013 v USA, Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii a Francii. Tam se ostatn\u011b tak\u00e9 dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed mnoha chyb v jadern\u00e9 politice. P\u0159evaha demokratick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nen\u00ed v tom, \u017ee by byla z\u00e1rukou proti omyl\u016fm, n\u00fdbr\u017e v tom, \u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje svobodn\u011b posuzovat probl\u00e9my na z\u00e1klad\u011b hodnov\u011brn\u00fdch informac\u00ed a napravovat chyby v\u010das, je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se stanou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou nenapraviteln\u00fdch \u0161kod.Co se t\u00fd\u010de Ruska, velk\u00fd soubor informac\u00ed o rozvinut\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch a programech jejich rozvoje, o rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f a opat\u0159en\u00edch k upevn\u011bn\u00ed strategick\u00e9 stability nelze udr\u017eovat v tajnosti. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b obrovsk\u00fd objem informac\u00ed je i tak poskytov\u00e1n do zahrani\u010d\u00ed (v\u00fdm\u011bna \u00fadaj\u016f v r\u00e1mci Smlouvy SNV-1), a rovn\u011b\u017e Organizaci spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f (kterou informujeme o financov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch program\u016f). Nen\u00ed d\u016fvodu utajovat tyto \u00fadaje uvnit\u0159 vlastn\u00ed zem\u011b, pokud se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nebudeme \u0159\u00eddit z\u00e1jmy resort\u016f, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zachovat si monopol na tvorbu rozhodnut\u00ed a mo\u017enost skr\u00fdvat chyby a omyly. K tomu, aby bylo mo\u017eno strhnout nesmyslnou rou\u0161ku tajemstv\u00ed z takov\u00fdch informac\u00ed, je nutno vn\u00e9st podstatn\u00e9 opravy do Z\u00e1kona o st\u00e1tn\u00edm tajemstv\u00ed.Je rovn\u011b\u017e zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u0161emo\u017en\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ovat \u00falohu z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e9 moci p\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 politiky v\u016fbec a jadern\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na.  <\/p>\n<p> Prost\u0159edky k dosa\u017een\u00ed tohoto c\u00edle jsou parlamentn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e1 i zm\u011bna v \u00fastav\u011b, kter\u00e1 by ud\u011blila Feder\u00e1ln\u00edmu shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed kontroln\u00ed funkce (nyn\u00ed je pouze z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e1 a zastupitelsk\u00e1). \u010clenov\u00e9 parlamentu pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed informace, kter\u00e9 nejen umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed soudit o vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9m pom\u011bru rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, vy\u010dle\u0148ovan\u00fdch \u0159ekn\u011bme na komun\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fddaje na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b a na z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed arm\u00e1dy a n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva na stran\u011b druh\u00e9. Pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed takov\u00e9 informace o financov\u00e1n\u00ed, na jejich\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b si dok\u00e1\u017eou utvo\u0159it n\u00e1zor na nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed priority vojensk\u00e9 politiky a vojensk\u00e9ho stavebnictv\u00ed, takov\u00e9 jako jadern\u00e9 odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni a na v\u00e1l\u010di\u0161t\u00edch, \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 a obrann\u00e9 strategick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, s\u00edly obecn\u00e9ho ur\u010den\u00ed, potenci\u00e1l pro veden\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch i lok\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00e1lek, kontingenty pro rychlou reakci a m\u00edrotvorn\u00e9 operace, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f k z\u00e1bran\u011b p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 hrozby na z\u00e1pad\u011b, jihu a v\u00fdchod\u011b. K tomu, aby se to stalo realitou, je nutno odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem podstatn\u011b p\u0159epracovat Z\u00e1kon o rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 klasifikaci.V Z\u00e1kon\u011b o obran\u011b je \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 legalizovat institut civiln\u00edho veden\u00ed Ministerstva obrany, v\u010detn\u011b apar\u00e1tu tohoto ministerstva, pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho pouze jemu a schopn\u00e9ho objektivn\u011b hodnotit n\u00e1vrhy, p\u0159edkl\u00e1dan\u00e9 veden\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f ozbrojen\u00fdch sil a Gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu.Rovn\u011b\u017e je nutno p\u0159ijet\u00edm zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho z\u00e1kona zna\u010dn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it \u00falohu Rady bezpe\u010dnosti. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se stala nejen konzultativn\u00edm org\u00e1nem pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm prezidentovi, n\u00fdbr\u017e nadresortn\u00ed organizac\u00ed, jej\u00edm\u017e \u00fakolem bude analyzovat pozice silov\u00fdch struktur a koordinovat jejich \u010dinnost spojenou s realizac\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed prezidenta a parlamentu v oblasti n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b na sty\u010dn\u00e9m bod\u011b vnit\u0159n\u00edch i zahrani\u010dn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f a v\u00fdzev. Je t\u0159eba posoudit mo\u017enost zm\u011bny syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku (Kazbek) v aplikaci na rusk\u00fd politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m a p\u0159ijmout z\u00e1kon o pr\u00e1vn\u00edm n\u00e1stupnictv\u00ed vrchn\u00edho velen\u00ed se stanoven\u00edm posloupnosti st\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f, krom\u011b prezidenta a premi\u00e9ra, kter\u00fdm jsou ud\u011blov\u00e1ny pln\u00e9 moci pro rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o pou\u017eit\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Kone\u010dn\u011b je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u0161emo\u017en\u011b stimulovat expertn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy a naslouchat doporu\u010den\u00edm nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch a spole\u010densk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, jako\u017e i jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f. Budou-li m\u00edt voln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k \u0161irok\u00fdm a hodnov\u011brn\u00fdm informac\u00edm, dok\u00e1\u017eou navrhovat alternativn\u00ed, resortn\u00edho tlaku zbaven\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy k probl\u00e9m\u016fm bezpe\u010dnosti. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b bude jejich pr\u00e1ce napom\u00e1hat tomu, aby prezident a parlament p\u0159ij\u00edmali ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 a optim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed ve strategick\u00e9 perspektiv\u011b.  <\/p>\n<p> Z\u00e1v\u011br  <\/p>\n<p> Alexej Arbatov \u2013 \u010dlen-korespondent Rusk\u00e9 AV (RAN), \u0159editel St\u0159ediska mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti IMEMO RAN, \u010dlen redak\u010dn\u00ed rady \u010dasopisu \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 (Rusko v glob\u00e1ln\u00ed politice).  <\/p>\n<p> RUSKO V GLOB\u00c1LN\u00cd POLITICE \u2022 \u00daNOR \u2022 2006 &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.globalaffairs.cz\/\">http:\/\/www.globalaffairs.cz\/<\/a>  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CESTA K \u0158E\u0160EN\u00cd PROBL\u00c9MU<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":350,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[9],"tags":[101],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}