{"id":690,"date":"2007-08-10T11:00:12","date_gmt":"2007-08-10T09:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/08\/10\/90-let-ijnove-revoluce-9\/"},"modified":"2007-08-10T11:00:12","modified_gmt":"2007-08-10T09:00:12","slug":"90-let-ijnove-revoluce-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/2007\/08\/10\/90-let-ijnove-revoluce-9\/","title":{"rendered":"90. let \u0158\u00edjnov\u00e9 revoluce (9)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"logo\"Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00edsto v kalend\u00e1\u0159i \u0158\u00edjnov\u00e9 revoluce ale z\u0159ejm\u011b zauj\u00edm\u00e1 16. \u0159\u00edjen… <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ano, pr\u00e1v\u011b tento den se konalo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 zased\u00e1n\u00ed \u00daV s p\u0159edstaviteli petrohradsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru SDDSR(b), vojensk\u00e9 organizace, petrohradsk\u00e9ho okru\u017en\u00edho v\u00fdboru bol\u0161evik\u016f, bol\u0161evick\u00e9 frakce Petrohradsk\u00e9ho sov\u011btu, odbor\u016f, tov\u00e1rn\u00edch a z\u00e1vodn\u00edch v\u00fdbor\u016f a n\u011bkter\u00fdch jin\u00fdch organizac\u00ed. Zased\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0161lo do d\u011bjin strany a revoluce jako skute\u010dn\u011b historick\u00e9. Znamenalo zlom ve v\u0161ech sm\u011brech. Proto se u n\u011bho pozastav\u00edme podrobn\u011bji. <\/p>\n

Na po\u0159adu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed byly tyto ot\u00e1zky:
1) zpr\u00e1va o minul\u00e9m zased\u00e1n\u00ed \u00daV (mysl\u00ed se zased\u00e1n\u00ed 10. \u0159\u00edjna – pozn. red.);
2) stru\u010dn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy p\u0159edstavitel\u016f nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch organizac\u00ed;
3) sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace. <\/p>\n

Lenin referuje k prvn\u00ed ot\u00e1zce. P\u0159ed\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 rezoluci \u00daV SDDSR(b) z 10. (23.) \u0159\u00edjna, ve kter\u00e9 se mimo jin\u00e9 prav\u00ed: "\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdbor tedy konstatuje, \u017ee ozbrojen\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed je nevyhnuteln\u00e9 a ze pln\u011b dozr\u00e1lo, a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u0161em organizac\u00edm strany, aby se t\u00edmto \u0159\u00eddily a aby z tohoto hlediska projedn\u00e1valy a \u0159e\u0161ily v\u0161echny praktick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky…" <\/p>\n

D\u00e1le se v protokolu ze 16. \u0159\u00edjna prav\u00ed:
"Oznamuji, \u017ee rezoluce byla p\u0159ijata proti dv\u011bma hlas\u016fm. Cht\u011bj\u00ed-li se soudruzi, kte\u0159\u00ed byli proti, vyj\u00e1d\u0159it, je mo\u017en\u00e9 zah\u00e1jit diskusi hned te\u010f, dokud zd\u016fvod\u0148uje tuto rezoluci." <\/p>\n

Z protokol\u00e1rn\u00edho z\u00e1pisu Leninova refer\u00e1tu by se dala vy\u010dlenit dv\u011b m\u00edsta: <\/p>\n

"Masy daly d\u016fv\u011bru bol\u0161evik\u016fm a ne\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed od nich slova, ale \u010diny, rozhodnou politiku jak v boji proti v\u00e1lce, tak v boji proti hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu rozvratu." <\/p>\n

"Z politick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy t\u0159\u00eddn\u00edho boje jak v Rusku, tak v Evrop\u011b vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee je nutn\u00e1 co nejrozhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, co nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed politika, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedin\u011b ozbrojen\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed." <\/p>\n

Absolutn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bch, kdo vystoupili v diskusi, podpo\u0159ila rezoluci \u00daV, schv\u00e1lenou 10. (23.) \u0159\u00edjna. Proti rezoluci vystoupili Zinovjev a Kamen\u011bv. <\/p>\n

Zinovjev vyslovil pochyby, je-li zaji\u0161t\u011bn \u00fasp\u011bch povst\u00e1n\u00ed. D\u00e1le, podle protokolu, prohl\u00e1sil: "Je-li to mo\u017en\u00e9, je t\u0159eba rezoluci \u00daV revidovat. Mus\u00edme si p\u0159\u00edmo \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch p\u011bti dnech povst\u00e1n\u00ed neuskute\u010dn\u00edme." <\/p>\n

Kamen\u011bv \u0159ekl: "Nejsme dost siln\u00ed, abychom \u0161li do povst\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edm, \u017ee zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00edme. Jsme ale dost siln\u00ed, abychom nep\u0159ipustili krajn\u00ed projevy reakce. Z\u00e1pas\u00ed zde dv\u011b taktiky: taktika spiknut\u00ed a taktika v\u00edry v hybnou s\u00edlu rusk\u00e9 revoluce."
Lenin t\u0159ikr\u00e1t vystoupil v diskusi a h\u00e1jil linii, kterou zvolila
strana. Uve\u010fme pouze jeden \u00faryvek z jeho vystoupen\u00ed. Cituji podle protokol\u00e1rn\u00edho z\u00e1pisu: <\/p>\n

"\u0158\u00edk\u00e1me-li, \u017ee povst\u00e1n\u00ed dozr\u00e1lo, net\u0159eba mluvit o spiknut\u00edch. Je-li povst\u00e1n\u00ed politicky nevyhnuteln\u00e9, pak se mus\u00ed br\u00e1t jako um\u011bn\u00ed. A politicky u\u017e povst\u00e1n\u00ed dozr\u00e1lo." <\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed vystoupili v debat\u00e1ch, Lenina podpo\u0159ila. Uve\u010fme nejtypi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1znamy z protokolu. <\/p>\n

"Soudruh Skrypnik za tov\u00e1rn\u00ed a z\u00e1vodn\u00ed v\u00fdbory. Konstatuje, \u017ee je v\u0161ude vid\u011bt touha po praktick\u00fdch v\u00fdsledc\u00edch; rezoluce u\u017e nikoho neuspokojuj\u00ed. Je c\u00edtit, \u017ee p\u0159ed\u00e1ci nevyjad\u0159uj\u00ed pln\u011b n\u00e1lady mas; p\u0159ed\u00e1ci jsou konzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed."
"Soudruh Rachja (62) dokazuje, \u017ee masy se uv\u011bdom\u011ble p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na povst\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdyby byl petrohradsk\u00fd proletari\u00e1t ozbrojen, byl by u\u017e navzdory ve\u0161ker\u00fdm usnesen\u00edm \u00daV v ulic\u00edch. Pesimismus neexistuje. Na n\u00e1stup kontrarevoluce nen\u00ed t\u0159eba \u010dekat, proto\u017ee u\u017e k n\u011bmu do\u0161lo. Masy \u010dekaj\u00ed na hesla a na zbran\u011b. Masy vyjdou do ulic, proto\u017ee je \u010dek\u00e1 hlad. Na\u0161e heslo se u\u017e z\u0159ejm\u011b trochu opo\u017e\u010fuje, proto\u017ee se objevuj\u00ed pochybnosti, budeme-li d\u011blat to, k \u010demu vyz\u00fdv\u00e1me. Na\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem nen\u00ed m\u011bnit usnesen\u00ed, ale naopak zajistit jejich spln\u011bn\u00ed." <\/p>\n

"Soudruh Sokolnikov. Kamen\u011bvovy n\u00e1mitky nejsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9. Obvi\u0148uje n\u00e1s, \u017ee jsme vytroubili rozhodnut\u00ed vystoupit, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vlastn\u011b je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed spiknut\u00ed. V\u00fdlu\u010dnost a na\u0161e s\u00edla jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom, \u017ee p\u0159ipravujeme sv\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u011b… P\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pom\u011br sil ani nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat." <\/p>\n

Lenin navrhuje tuto rezoluci: "Sch\u016fze bez v\u00fdhrad v\u00edt\u00e1 a pln\u011b podporuje rezoluci \u00daV, vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u0161echny organizace a v\u0161echny d\u011bln\u00edky a voj\u00e1ky, aby v\u0161estrann\u011b a ze v\u0161ech sil p\u0159ipravovali ozbrojen\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed, aby podporovali centrum, kter\u00e9 pro tento \u00fa\u010del \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdbor vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, a vyjad\u0159uje naprostou jistotu, \u017ee \u00daV a Sov\u011bt v prav\u00fd \u010das ur\u010d\u00ed vhodnou chv\u00edli a \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 formy \u00fatoku." <\/p>\n

Tato rezoluce byla schv\u00e1lena devaten\u00e1cti hlasy; dva deleg\u00e1ti byli proti a \u010dty\u0159i se zdr\u017eeli hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Pak se konalo neve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zased\u00e1n\u00ed \u00daV SDDSR(b). Schv\u00e1lilo usnesen\u00ed o organizaci Vojensk\u00e9ho revolu\u010dn\u00edho centra pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed povst\u00e1n\u00ed. Jeho \u010dleny se stali Bubnov, Dzer\u017einskij, Sverdlov, Stalin a Urickij (63). Toto centrum se stalo sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Vojensk\u00e9ho revolu\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdboru p\u0159i Petrohradsk\u00e9m sov\u011btu d\u011blnick\u00fdch a vojensk\u00fdch z\u00e1stupc\u016f. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00edsto v kalend\u00e1\u0159i \u0158\u00edjnov\u00e9 revoluce ale z\u0159ejm\u011b zauj\u00edm\u00e1 16. \u0159\u00edjen…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[108],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/690"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/690\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/novysmer.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}